“…Acetamiprid, a second-generation nicotinoid insecticide, acts through antagonization of nAChR receptors, thus hindering nerve impulse transmission across the central nervous system of insects ( Elbert et al, 2008 ; Phogat et al, 2022 ). In recent years, various thrip species ( Frankliniella occidentalis , Thrips tabaci , Thrips hawaiiensis , Scolothrips takahashii , and M. usitatus ) have developed resistance to acetamiprid in different regions of the world ( Mori and Gotoh, 2001 ; Chen and Yuan, 2011 ; Fu et al, 2016 ; Nazemi et al, 2016 ; Wang et al, 2016 ; Han et al, 2017 ; Zuo et al, 2017 ; Fu et al, 2019 ; Lin et al, 2021 ). The mechanism of resistance to neonicotinoids is mainly attributed to two factors: target insensitivity and increased metabolic detoxification ( Puinean et al, 2010 ; Ihara et al, 2020 ).…”