Compatible and Incompatible Pollen-Styles Interaction in Pyrus communis L. Show Different Transglutaminase Features, Polyamine Pattern and Metabolomics Profiles

Abstract

Pollen-stigma interaction is a highly selective process, which leads to compatible or incompatible pollination, in the latter case, affecting quantitative and qualitative aspects of productivity in species of agronomic interest. While the genes and the corresponding protein partners involved in this highly specific pollen-stigma recognition have been studied, providing important insights into pollen-stigma recognition in self-incompatible (SI), many other factors involved in the SI response are not understood yet. This work concerns the study of transglutaminase (TGase), polyamines (PAs) pattern and metabolomic profiles following the pollination of Pyrus communis L. pistils with compatible and SI pollen in order to deepen their possible involvement in the reproduction of plants. Immunolocalization, abundance and activity of TGase as well as the content of free, soluble-conjugated and insoluble-bound PAs have been investigated. 1 H NMR-profiling coupled with multivariate data treatment (PCA and PLS-DA) allowed to compare, for the first time, the metabolic patterns of not-pollinated and pollinated styles. Results clearly indicate that during the SI response TGase activity increases, resulting in the accumulation of PAs conjugated to hydroxycinnamic acids and other small molecules. Metabolomic analysis showed a remarkable differences between pollinated and not-pollinated styles, where, except for glucose, all the other metabolites where less concentrated. Moreover, styles pollinated with compatible pollen showed the highest amount of sucrose than SI pollinated ones, which, in turn, contained highest amount of all the other metabolites, including aromatic compounds, such as flavonoids and a cynnamoil derivative.

Leaves and Spiny Burs of Castanea Sativa from an Experimental Chestnut Grove: Metabolomic Analysis and Anti-Neuroinflammatory Activity

“…Spectral intensities were reduced to integrated regions of equal width (δ 0.04) corresponding to the region from δ 0.0 to 10.0, with scaling on standard at δ 0.0 using the NMR Mestrenova software (Mestrelab Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain). The analysis of the 1 H NMR profiles was performed based on an in-house library and comparison with the literature [ 17 , 25 ].…”

“…This workflow has already been applied successfully in several areas of research, from human diagnostics and epidemiology to the plant sciences [ 14 ]. In this latter field of study, metabolomics was successful at facilitating the identification of the active components of medicinal plants [ 15 ], studying plant ecotypes and biological features [ 16 , 17 ], and controlling food and botanical quality, both in terms of nutraceutical/biological properties and fraud detection [ 18 , 19 ].…”

Temperature-Dependent Compatible and Incompatible Pollen-Style Interactions in Citrus clementina Hort. ex Tan. Show Different Transglutaminase Features and Polyamine Pattern

“…PA extraction and analysis by HPLC were performed as recently described ( Mandrone et al., 2019 ). Briefly, dried styles were extracted in 100 vol.…”

“…The stationary phase was an Agilent (Santa Clara, CA, USA) Zorbax Eclipse Plus C18 reversed-phase column (100 mm × 3 mm I.D., 3.5 μm), and the mobile phase was a mixture of acetonitrile and water. Elution was carried out as previously described ( Mandrone et al., 2019 ). Eluted peaks were detected by the FP fluorimeter at 365 nm excitation and 510 nm emission, and data signals were acquired and processed through the software Chromnav 2.0 (Jasco).…”

Antitumor Potential and Phytochemical Profile of Plants from Sardinia (Italy), a Hotspot for Biodiversity in the Mediterranean Basin

“…1 H NMR spectra, J-resolved (J-res), 1 H-1 H homonuclear, and inverse detected 1 H- 13 Spectra were processed by Mestrenova software (Mestrelab Research, Santiago de Compostela, Spain), and the analysis of 1 H NMR profiles of extracts was performed based on an in-house library and comparison with literature [55,56]. Estimation of metabolites amount in the crude extracts was calculated by comparison of diagnostic signals and TMSP (internal standard) resonating at δ 0.…”