Compensatory sagittal plane ankle gait mechanics: Are they present in patients with a weak or stiff hip?

Stevens, Wilshaw; Podeszwa, David A.; Tulchin-Francis, Kirsten

doi:10.1016/j.gaitpost.2019.09.018

Cited by 5 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…The subjects age range was between 6 and 11.5 years, with an overall average group age of 8 years. Out of eight studies, six studies reported temporospatial parameters, which indicated that the patients walked more slowly than the control group subjects [3][4][5][6]16,17]. Only three studies reported subjects walking barefoot [4,7,16], while the rest provided no information about footwear [3,5,6,15,17].…”

Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Out of eight studies, six studies reported temporospatial parameters, which indicated that the patients walked more slowly than the control group subjects [3][4][5][6]16,17]. Only three studies reported subjects walking barefoot [4,7,16], while the rest provided no information about footwear [3,5,6,15,17]. Moreover, only three studies looked into both the affected and non-affected limbs of patients with Perthes [7,15,17], while the remaining five studies provided no clear information about the affected side.…”

Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Only three studies reported subjects walking barefoot [4,7,16], while the rest provided no information about footwear [3,5,6,15,17]. Moreover, only three studies looked into both the affected and non-affected limbs of patients with Perthes [7,15,17], while the remaining five studies provided no clear information about the affected side. Overall, one study evaluated two joints [15], three studies evaluated three joints [3,4,17] and four studies evaluated four or more joints [5][6][7]16].…”

Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Gait Compensation among Children with Non-Operative Legg–Calvé–Perthes Disease: A Systematic Review

Mashabi,

Abdallat,

Alghamdi

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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Perthes disease is a condition that affects walking patterns in young children due to poor blood circulation in the hip joint. Understanding the gait strategies of affected children is of great importance for an objective assessment and better management of this condition. The aim of this systematic review was to evaluate the current literature to identify gait compensation patterns in non-operative children with Perthes disease. Methods: A systematic electronic search was performed using MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, BIOSIS, and the Cochrane Library to identify studies published from inception up until December 2023. An adapted Downs and Black checklist was utilised to assess methodological quality and project risk of bias. Percentage agreement and nominal kappa statistics with bootstrapped bias-corrected 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used. Result: A comprehensive literature search revealed 277 citations for review, of which 210 studies entered full-text screening. In total, eight studies met the inclusion criteria for quality assessment by two independent reviewers. The results revealed variations in data quality, with scores ranging from 12 to 17 due to missing information related to subject characteristics, biomechanical model, and power calculation. Conclusions: This review reveals common compensation strategies associated with walking among non-operative children with Perthes disease such as Trendelenburg gait due to weakness of the hip abductor muscle.

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Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Methodological Datamentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Gait Compensation among Children with Non-Operative Legg–Calvé–Perthes Disease: A Systematic Review

Mashabi,

Abdallat,

Alghamdi

et al. 2024

Healthcare

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“…Ankle plantar flexors, hip flexors and hip extensors provide the bulk of the required energy ( Farris & Sawicki, 2012 ; Montgomery & Grabowski, 2018 ; Winter, 1983 ). Impairment of ankle plantar flexors or hip muscles may result in gait adaptations and reduced energy efficiency ( Farris et al, 2015 ; Huang et al, 2015 ; Stevens, Podeszwa & Tulchin-Francis, 2019 ). Such changes may also happen due to aging ( Franz, 2016 ; McGibbon, 2003 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energetic effect of hip flexion and retraction in walking at different speeds: a modeling study

Jin

Kistemaker

Dieën

et al. 2023

PeerJ

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In human walking, power for propulsion is generated primarily via ankle and hip muscles. The addition of a ‘passive’ hip spring to simple bipedal models appears more efficient than using only push-off impulse, at least, when hip spring associated energetic costs are not considered. Hip flexion and retraction torques, however, are not ‘free’, as they are produced by muscles demanding metabolic energy. Studies evaluating the inclusion of hip actuation costs, especially during the swing phase, and the hip actuation’s energetic benefits are few and far between. It is also unknown whether these possible benefits/effects may depend on speed. We simulated a planar flat-feet model walking stably over a range of speeds. We asked whether the addition of independent hip flexion and retraction remains energetically beneficial when considering work-based metabolic cost of transport (MCOT) with different efficiencies of doing positive and negative work. We found asymmetric hip actuation can reduce the estimated MCOT relative to ankle actuation by up to 6%, but only at medium speeds. The corresponding optimal strategy is zero hip flexion and some hip retraction actuation. The reason for this reduced MCOT is that the decrease in collision loss is larger than the associated increase in hip negative work. This leads to a reduction in total positive mechanical work, which results in an overall lower MCOT. Our study shows how ankle actuation, hip flexion, and retraction actuation can be coordinated to reduce MCOT.

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“…Ankle plantar flexors, hip flexors and hip extensors provide the bulk of the required energy (Farris & Sawicki, 2012; Montgomery & Grabowski, 2018; Winter, 1983). Impairment of ankle plantar flexors or hip muscles may result in gait adaptations and reduced energy efficiency (Farris et al, 2015; Huang et al, 2015; Stevens et al, 2019). Such changes may also happen due to aging (Franz, 2016; McGibbon, 2003).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The energetic effect of hip flexion and retraction in walking at different speeds: a modeling study

Jin

Kistemaker

Dieën

et al. 2022

Preprint

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

In human walking, power for propulsion is generated primarily via ankle and hip muscles. The addition of a 'passive' hip spring to simple bipedal models appears more efficient than using only push-off impulse, at least, when hip spring associated energetic costs are not considered. Hip flexion and retraction torques, however, are not 'free', as they are produced by muscles demanding metabolic energy. Studies evaluating the inclusion of hip actuation costs, especially during the swing phase, and the hip actuation's energetic benefits are few and far between. It is also unknown whether these possible benefits/effects may depend on speed. We simulated a planar flat-feet model walking stably over a range of speeds. We asked whether the addition of independent hip flexion and retraction remains energetically beneficial when considering work-based metabolic cost of transport (MCOT) with different efficiencies of doing positive and negative work. We found asymmetric hip actuation can reduce the estimated MCOT relative to ankle actuation by up to 6%, but only at medium speeds. The corresponding optimal strategy is zero hip flexion and some hip retraction actuation. The reason for this reduced MCOT is a reduction in collision loss being larger than the associated increase in hip negative work. Both terms require positive mechanical work to compensate, yielding a larger reduction in metabolic work per step than the reduction in step length. Our study shows how ankle actuation, hip flexion, and retraction actuation can be coordinated to reduce MCOT.

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Compensatory sagittal plane ankle gait mechanics: Are they present in patients with a weak or stiff hip?

Cited by 5 publications

References 26 publications

Gait Compensation among Children with Non-Operative Legg–Calvé–Perthes Disease: A Systematic Review

Gait Compensation among Children with Non-Operative Legg–Calvé–Perthes Disease: A Systematic Review

The energetic effect of hip flexion and retraction in walking at different speeds: a modeling study

The energetic effect of hip flexion and retraction in walking at different speeds: a modeling study

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