“…Vocational education is part of the education system that prepares students to be able to work in certain fields (Daryono et al, 2021;Pratomo et al, 2020;Triyono et al, 2020). In secondary education units, Vocational High Schools (VHS) have a goal to improve intelligence (Coetzer et al, 2020;Han et al, 2015;Supriyadi et al, 2020), knowledge (Daryono, Yolando, et al, 2020;Habiyaremye, 2020;Wheelahan, 2015), personality, noble character, and skills (Beicht & Walden, 2019;Boonk et al, 2020) to live independently and attend further education in accordance with their profession (Daryono et al, 2021;Nurtanto et al, 2020). It is hoped that VHS graduates will be able to meet the demands of a competent workforce in order to increase productivity and efficiency and be able to compete in the international labor market in the era of globalization (Forum Económico Mundial, 2019;Saifurrahman et al, 2021;Tayibnapis et al, 2018).…”