Competition between Canada Thistle [<i>Cirsium arvense</i> (L.) Scop.] and Faba Bean (<i>Vicia faba</i> L.)

Kalburtji, Kiriaki L.; Mamolos, Andreas P.

doi:10.1046/j.1439-037x.2001.00484.x

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 20 publications

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“…Faba bean DM yield losses in our study were greater than those reported by Van Acker et al (1995) in the United Kingdom; they reported autumn‐sown faba bean yields were reduced by 14 to 33% in the presence of 200 barley plants m −2 Our yield reduction was also greater than those reported by Kalburtji and Mamolos (2001) in Greece, where a Canada thistle ( Cirsium arvense L.) density of 16 plants m −2 reduced faba bean biomass by 10%. Differences between the above studies and our findings can be attributed to differences in planting time (autumn versus spring), faba bean cultivar, weed species, weed density, and growing environment.…”

Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Growth Analysis of Faba Bean and Lupin with Volunteer Barley Competition in a Northern Environment

2008

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A gronomy J our n al • Volu me 10 0 , I s sue 4 • 2 0 0 8 electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. N arrow-leafed lupin and tannin-free faba bean are new pulse crops for the Parkland region of Alberta, Canada. Since 2002, tannin-free faba bean production has increased due to its high yield, high protein, high energy, a reduction in antinutritional factors (e.g., tannin), and similar production costs relative to fi eld pea (Pisum sativum L.), the traditional pulse crop of the region. A second cool-season pulse crop, narrow-leafed lupin, is also showing promise as a new crop in the region because lupin can provide new market opportunities, a locally grown high protein feed source, and the opportunity to diversify crop rotations.Volunteer barley interference can signifi cantly decrease the productivity of faba bean and lupin. A previous study conducted in northern Alberta, Canada, indicated that faba bean and lupin seed yields were reduced by 42 and 67%, respectively, when these crops were grown in the presence of barley interference (Strydhorst et al., 2008). In Denmark, Knudsen et al. (2004) also documented the competitive eff ects of barley on these two crops. When grown with 150 barley plants m -2 , faba bean comprised 72% of the mixture grain yield compared with a faba bean sole crop, while lupin comprised 36% of the mixture grain yield compared with a lupin sole crop. Th ese studies indicate the sensitivity of faba bean and lupin to volunteer barley interference; however, we are not aware of studies that examined the competitive eff ects of volunteer barley on the physiology of these two crops.In cereal crops, competitive ability has been related to rate of establishment, vegetative growth habit, tillering capacity, and straw height (Richards and Davies, 1991;Lemerle et al., 1996). In addition to these traits, crop biomass at early growth stages can infl uence competitive ability (Richards and Whytock, 1993;Paolini et al., 1998Paolini et al., , 2002. However, previous studies have spent less time measuring canopy architecture and interception of photosynthetically active radiation (PAR), two factors that can greatly infl uence competitive ability. Seavers and Wright (1999) reported that cultivar competitive ability was associated with high overall LAI, canopy structure, and development. Studies documenting the competitive traits of faba bean and lupin are rare.Volunteer barley interference can contribute to signifi cant yield losses; therefore, it is necessary to understand which traits infl uence competitive ability so that agronomic practices can be recommended that will minimize the eff ects of competition. Breeding programs can also focus on selecting traits that will improve the competitive ability of these two crops. Th e objective of this study was to assess the eff ect of volunteer barley density on faba bean and lupin crop DM production by sequentially quantifying crop LAI development...

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Section: Resultscontrasting

confidence: 68%

Growth Analysis of Faba Bean and Lupin with Volunteer Barley Competition in a Northern Environment

2008

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“…Schepers et al (1992) and Bullock and Anderson (1998) have shown that SPAD readings at high fertilizer N rates demonstrate unique diff erences between plant species. Furthermore, favorable weather conditions are crucial for optimal crop development (Kalburtji and Mamolos 2001), which may correlate directly with SPAD readings, as our fi ndings confi rmed in 2006. It can be concluded that SPAD, RNC, and TNC measured under favorable weather conditions during the growing season may be considered as reliable indicators of crop yield and vice versa; those parameters would not be reliable data for predicting yield in less favorable seasons.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 77%

Do characteristics of seriously injured older adults differ from those of their younger counterparts in the emergency department?

Aköz¹,

Işık²,

Şahin³

et al. 2013

Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences

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“…Similar to other winter pulse crops and cereals, the 12 main weeds that compete with faba bean in Europe are the broadleaved species Anthemis arvensis L., Chenopodium album L., Papaver rhoeas L., Sinapis arvensis L., Fumaria officinalis L., Veronica spp., Lamium amplexicaule L., Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop., and the grass species Avena sterilis L., Phalaris spp., Lolium rigidum Gaud., and Alopecurus myosuroides Huds. ( Kalburtji and Mamolos, 2001 ; Karkanis et al, 2016a , b ). Moreover, in many Mediterranean countries, such as Spain, faba bean can be parasitized by various broomrape species ( Orobanche spp.…”

Section: Agronomymentioning

confidence: 99%

Faba Bean Cultivation – Revealing Novel Managing Practices for More Sustainable and Competitive European Cropping Systems

et al. 2018

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Faba beans are highly nutritious because of their high protein content: they are a good source of mineral nutrients, vitamins, and numerous bioactive compounds. Equally important is the contribution of faba bean in maintaining the sustainability of agricultural systems, as it is highly efficient in the symbiotic fixation of atmospheric nitrogen. This article provides an overview of factors influencing faba bean yield and quality, and addresses the main biotic and abiotic constraints. It also reviews the factors relating to the availability of genetic material and the agronomic features of faba bean production that contribute to high yield and the improvement of European cropping systems. Emphasis is to the importance of using new high-yielding cultivars that are characterized by a high protein content, low antinutritional compound content, and resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses. New cultivars should combine several of these characteristics if an increased and more stable production of faba bean in specific agroecological zones is to be achieved. Considering that climate change is also gradually affecting many European regions, it is imperative to breed elite cultivars that feature a higher abiotic–biotic stress resistance and nutritional value than currently used cultivars. Improved agronomical practices for faba bean crops, such as crop establishment and plant density, fertilization and irrigation regime, weed, pest and disease management, harvesting time, and harvesting practices are also addressed, since they play a crucial role in both the production and quality of faba bean.

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Competition between Canada Thistle [Cirsium arvense (L.) Scop.] and Faba Bean (Vicia faba L.)

Cited by 7 publications

References 20 publications

Growth Analysis of Faba Bean and Lupin with Volunteer Barley Competition in a Northern Environment

Growth Analysis of Faba Bean and Lupin with Volunteer Barley Competition in a Northern Environment

Do characteristics of seriously injured older adults differ from those of their younger counterparts in the emergency department?

Faba Bean Cultivation – Revealing Novel Managing Practices for More Sustainable and Competitive European Cropping Systems

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