Competition between oral species in the chemostat under alternating conditions of glucose limitation and excess

Vanderhoeven, Johan; DeJong, Marvin L.; Camp, Pamela J.; Vandenkieboom, C

doi:10.1016/0378-1097(85)90034-5

Cited by 38 publications

(31 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…An overnight culture (200 l) of S. mutans Ingbritt was inoculated into 20 ml of chemically defined medium (CDM) [van der Hoeven, 1985] supplemented with glucose or sucrose (10 g l -1 ). The culture was placed in a shaking water bath as before.…”

Section: Time-kill Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts Containing Polyphenols against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

et al. 2007

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The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of commercially available and 70% aqueous propanone (P70) extracts from plants chosen for polyphenol content on Streptococcus mutans and other bacteria were determined using a standard susceptibility agar dilution technique to investigate their potential use as anticariogenic agents. The effects on adhesion of S. mutans to glass were also studied. The lowest MICs were for the P70 extracts of red grape skin (0.5 mg ml^–1) and green tea and sloe berry skin (2 mg ml^–1). The commercial extracts generally had a lower activity with a minimum MIC of 2 mg ml^–1 for tea extracts, grape seed extracts and Pynogenol® (extract of maritime pine). All other extracts had MICs of ≧4 mg ml^–1. Unfermented cocoa had greater antimicrobial activity than fermented cocoa and the activity of the fractionated extract increased with the extent of epicatechin polymerization. Epicatechin polymer had an MIC of 1 mg ml^–1 and an MBC of 64 mg ml^–1. Selected extracts were tested against other oral bacteria and showed activity against Gram-positive organisms. P70 extracts of unfermented cocoa, epicatechin polymer fraction, green tea and red grape seed were bacteriostatic and prevented acid production when added at the MIC to cultures of S. mutans grown in a chemically defined medium supplemented with either glucose or sucrose. There was a reduction in viability which was greater when added to washed cells, but there were some viable cells after 24 h. The extracts also reduced adherence of S. mutans to glass.

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Section: Time-kill Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts Containing Polyphenols against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

et al. 2007

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“…Mixed cul tures of 5. mutans NCTC 10449 and 5. sanguis Ny 584 or of S. mu tans NCTC 10449 and S. oralis Ny 586 were started by inoculating pure continuous cultures (25 ml) of 5. sanguis and S. oralis with 25 ml of a batch culture of S. mutans NCTC 10449 in TPY broth. This procedure was followed because, in accordance with earlier findings in batch cultures [van der Hoeven et al, 1990], S. mutans NCTC 10449 could not be grown continuously as a pure culture in the me dium with mucin as the sole source of carbohydrate. Growth and composition of the mixed cultures were determined by analyses of 1-ml samples, taken daily.…”

Section: Microorganisms and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The identity of isolates was confirmed with the API 20 Strep identi fication system (API, Montalicu, France). The yields of the two streptococcal populations in the cultures were calculated from the optical densities and the individual viable counts [van der Hoeven and Gottschal, 1989]. The calculations were based on the observa tions that an optical density at 550 nm of 1.0 corresponds to 0.40 mg/ml dry weight of cells and contains 465 xlO7 (SD 184 xlO7) CFU/ml of culture.…”

Section: Microorganisms and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…20 g/1; yeast extract (Difco), 20 g/1, and galactose (Merck, Darmstadt, FRG), 1 g/1. Con tinuous cultures were grown in a chemically defined medium [van der Hoeven et al, 1985] containing approximately 10 g/1 pig gastric mucin (BDH, Poole, UK) and no other sources of carbohydrate. The preparation of the mucin medium was as described previously [van der Hoeven and Camp, 1991].…”

Section: Microorganisms and Growth Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Mixed Continuous Cultures of Streptococcus mutans with Streptococcus sanguis or with Streptococcus oralis as a Model to Study the Ecological Effects of the Lactoperoxidase System

Hoeven

Camp²

1993

Caries Res

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Mixed continuous cultures of Streptococcus species were obtained, using complex carbohydrate (mucin) as a source of nutrients, to study the ecological effects of oxygen and the lactoperoxidase system. S. mutans NCTC10449 was unable to grow as a pure culture on mucin, but attained a significant population size in the presence of S. oralis and S. sanguis strains. The cell densities of the anaerobic mixed cultures decreased when oxygen was supplied, and S. mutans was more suppressed by oxygen than were S. sanguis and S. oralis. However, the concentrations of hydrogen peroxide (30 μmol/l in the mixed culture of S. mutans with S. sanguis and 640 μmol/l in the culture with S. oralis) indicated a certain resistance of the organisms to hydrogen peroxide. Addition of lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate to the oxygen-supplied cultures had a differential effect on the streptococcal populations. While S. mutans was inhibited, and even disappeared in the culture with S. oralis, the growth of S. sanguis and S. oralis was unaffected. This latter observation was in accordance with the OSCN^–– reductase activities of these organisms. When hydrogen peroxide was also added together with lactoperoxidase and thiocyanate, a further inhibition of S. mutans in the culture with S. sanguis was observed. Under these conditions, S. oralis was also inhibited, perhaps by the strong accumulation of OSCN^––, exceeding the capacity of the OSCN^–– reductase. The effects of lactoperoxidase on mixed cultures may reflect the situation in the mouth. Depending on the production of hydrogen peroxide in the environment, mutans streptococci would be inhibited by OSCN^––, while populations of other streptococci would be much less affected by peroxidases in saliva.

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“…nucleatum was grown in a chemically de¢ned medium (CDM) based on that of van der Hoeven et al [13]. It contained nucleotides, vitamins, salts, trace elements and amino acids.…”

Section: Growth Media and Culture Conditionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Growth pH and transient increases in amino acid availability influence polyglucose synthesis by Fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture

Zilm

2002

FEMS Microbiology Letters

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Fusobacterium nucleatum is a Gram-negative anaerobe that has been implicated in the aetiology of several diseases including periodontal diseases. Like other fusobacteria, it derives energy from the fermentation of amino acids and, in resting (non-growing) cells, this enables the organism to transport glucose and synthesise intracellular polyglucose (IP). The continued availability and fermentation of amino acids inhibits IP breakdown. We have grown F. nucleatum in continuous culture in a chemically defined medium under amino acid limitation and determined the fate of glucose during growth at steady state and during transient increases in the concentration (pulses) of serine and glutamate. When grown under steady state conditions, IP synthesis dramatically increased at culture pH values of 6.1 and 7.8 and appeared to be a result of cell stress. IP synthesis also increased when the culture was pulsed with serine or glutamate but was rapidly metabolised as the added amino acids were depleted. These results may help to explain the role of IP synthesis in response to environmental stress.

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Competition between oral species in the chemostat under alternating conditions of glucose limitation and excess

Cited by 38 publications

References 9 publications

The Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts Containing Polyphenols against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

The Antibacterial Activity of Plant Extracts Containing Polyphenols against <i>Streptococcus mutans</i>

Mixed Continuous Cultures of Streptococcus mutans with Streptococcus sanguis or with Streptococcus oralis as a Model to Study the Ecological Effects of the Lactoperoxidase System

Growth pH and transient increases in amino acid availability influence polyglucose synthesis by Fusobacterium nucleatum grown in continuous culture

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