Complement System: An Immunotherapy Target in Colorectal Cancer

Talaat, Iman M.; Elemam, Noha Mousaad; Saber-Ayad, Maha

doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.810993

Cited by 27 publications

(15 citation statements)

References 140 publications

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“…B cells can exert anti-tumor effects by activating antibody-dependent cell cytotoxicity (ADCC) and the complement cascade ( 99 ). In tumor tissues, B cells can be found in lymphoid aggregates, known as tertiary lymphoid structures (TLSs) or could be sparsely distributed in the TME.…”

Section: Immune Components Of the Colon Cancer Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Neutrophils are recruited to the tumor site through inflammatory molecules such as granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF), tumor-derived cholesterol derivatives (oxysterols) ( 193 ) and anaphylatoxin C5a (complement component) ( 99 , 194 ). In CRC, neutrophils play an anti-tumoral role through the secretion of IFN-β, IFN-γ and Granulocyte macrophage-colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and are known to express CD66b, CD11b, CD101, and CD177 ( 187 ).…”

Section: Immune Components Of the Colon Cancer Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Checkpoint molecules on infiltrating immune cells in colorectal tumor microenvironment

et al. 2022

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Colorectal cancer (CRC) is one of the most prevalent cancer types worldwide, with a high mortality rate due to metastasis. The tumor microenvironment (TME) contains multiple interactions between the tumor and the host, thus determining CRC initiation and progression. Various immune cells exist within the TME, such as tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs), and tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs). The immunotherapy approach provides novel opportunities to treat solid tumors, especially toward immune checkpoints. Despite the advances in the immunotherapy of CRC, there are still obstacles to successful treatment. In this review, we highlighted the role of these immune cells in CRC, with a particular emphasis on immune checkpoint molecules involved in CRC pathogenesis.

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Section: Immune Components Of the Colon Cancer Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Immune Components Of the Colon Cancer Microenvironmentmentioning

confidence: 99%

Checkpoint molecules on infiltrating immune cells in colorectal tumor microenvironment

et al. 2022

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“…While IL27 and LTB were prognostic for PFS, DEFB1 had a significant effect both on DSS and PFS. All of the above markers have been described in various cancer types, displaying a variable pattern of expression (DEFB1) [35], but with some therapeutic implications [36] in oncology or other specialties (C4B). In pro-and anti-tumorigenic inflammation in CRC, CARD9 and leukotriene signaling are especially important, and they warrant further research [37,38] to better understand resistance mechanisms against immunotherapy in CRC and other solid tumors.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Deconstructing Immune Cell Infiltration in Human Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Spatiotemporal Evaluation

Ágoston

Ács

Herold

et al. 2022

Genes

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Cancer-related immunity has been identified as playing a key role in the outcome of colorectal cancer (CRC); however, the exact mechanisms are only partially understood. In this study, we evaluated a total of 242 surgical specimen of CRC patients using tissue microarrays and immunohistochemistry to evaluate tumor infiltrating immune cells (CD3, CD4, CD8, CD20, CD23, CD45 and CD56) and immune checkpoint markers (CTLA-4, PD-L1, PD-1) in systematically selected tumor regions and their corresponding lymph nodes, as well as in liver metastases. Additionally, an immune panel gene expression assay was performed on 12 primary tumors and 12 consecutive liver metastases. A higher number of natural killer cells and more mature B cells along with PD-1+ expressing cells were observed in the main tumor area as compared to metastases. A higher number of metastatic lymph nodes were associated with significantly lower B cell counts. With more advanced lymph node metastatic status, higher leukocyte—particularly T cell numbers—were observed. Eleven differentially expressed immune-related genes were found between primary tumors and liver metastases. Also, alterations of the innate immune response and the tumor necrosis factor superfamily pathways had been identified.

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“…In many solid tumors, regulation of the complement system can be advocated as a potential immunotherapy tool [ 26 , 27 , 28 ]. Complement plays a role in both the removal of foreign objects and the inflammatory response of the innate immune system [ 29 ].…”

Section: Overview Of Liver Cancermentioning

confidence: 99%

The Complement System: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Liver Cancer

Yuan

Liu

Wang

et al. 2022

Life

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Liver cancer is the sixth most common cancer and the fourth most fatal cancer in the world. Immunotherapy has already achieved modest results in the treatment of liver cancer. Meanwhile, the novel and optimal combinatorial strategies need further research. The complement system, which consists of mediators, receptors, cofactors and regulators, acts as the connection between innate and adaptive immunity. Recent studies demonstrate that complement system can influence tumor progression by regulating the tumor microenvironment, tumor cells, and cancer stem cells in liver cancer. Our review concentrates on the potential role of the complement system in cancer treatment, which is a promising strategy for killing tumor cells by the activation of complement components. Conclusions: Our review demonstrates that complement components and regulators might function as biomarkers and therapeutic targets for liver cancer diagnosis and treatment.

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Complement System: An Immunotherapy Target in Colorectal Cancer

Cited by 27 publications

References 140 publications

Checkpoint molecules on infiltrating immune cells in colorectal tumor microenvironment

Checkpoint molecules on infiltrating immune cells in colorectal tumor microenvironment

Deconstructing Immune Cell Infiltration in Human Colorectal Cancer: A Systematic Spatiotemporal Evaluation

The Complement System: A Potential Therapeutic Target in Liver Cancer

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