“…Traditional medicine and healing (TMH) practices are used globally, making significant contributions to meet the health care needs of populations in developing countries and some developed countries, including the United Kingdom, Canada, the United States, and Australia (Hilbers & Lewis, 2013; Hussain & Malik, 2013; Payyappallimana, 2010). TMH is effective for mental health illnesses (Akol et al, 2018; Gureje et al, 2015; Kpobi et al, 2019; Musyimi et al, 2016), which is often a challenge for clinicians, according to traditional healers specialized in mental health illnesses (Akol et al, 2018).…”