“…(PC1)The universities, without neglecting their main task of teaching, have thus wagered on the success of the entrepreneurial tasks, which these institutions are currently forced to join with companies to achieve (Clark 1998; Etzkowitz 1983, 2013; Guerrero, Cunningham, and Urbano 2015; Guerrero and Urbano 2012; Jacob, Lundqvist, and Hellsmark 2003; Leih and Teece 2016; Wright, Birley, and Mosey 2004; Schmitz et al 2017). By becoming entrepreneurs, universities enable the creation of regional innovation networks, foster entrepreneurial innovation, and, at the same time, promote regional development (Aaboen 2009; Guerrero, Cunningham, and Urbano 2015; Deng, Liang, and Fan 2019). In Europe, however, universities’ entrepreneurial processes are still “in progress,” becoming more prominent in the last ten years (Guerrero, Cunningham, and Urbano 2015; Grimaldi et al 2011; Mazgan 2011; Riviezzo et al 2019).…”