Complete characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in commercial Aroclor and Clophen mixtures by multidimensional gas chromatography-electron capture detection

Schulz, D.E.; Petrick, Gert; Duinker, Jan C.

doi:10.1021/es00065a015

Cited by 633 publications

(304 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Individual PCB congeners, 2,2′, 4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB47), 2,2′,5,5′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB52), 2,3′,4,4′,5-pentachlorobiphenyl (CB118), 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl (CB153), were synthesized as previously described [50,51]. The PCB mixtures, Clophen A30, Clophen A40, Clophen A50 and Clophen A60 are former commercially available PCB products (Bayer AG, Germany) [52].…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The major constituent in the PCB products A30, A40, A50, and A60 are tri-chlorinated biphenyls (48%), tetra-chlorinated biphenyls (52%), penta-chlorinated biphenyls (55%) and hexa-chlorinated biphenyls (54%), respectively [52]. Further, the percentage of low-chlorinated biphenyls (tetra-chlorinated or lower) in the four PCB products A30, A40, A50, and A60, are 93%, 70%, 19%, and 1%, respectively.…”

Section: Effects Of Pcbs On the Biosynthesis Of 12-hete And 12-hht Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Forsell

Olsson

Andersson

et al. 2005

Biochemical Pharmacology

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Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are stable compounds commonly found in nature as environmental pollutants. PCBs can affect the endocrine function of hormones such as steroid-hormones. Also, PCBs are known to be inducers of arachidonic acid release in various cells. We report, here, the effects of PCBs on eicosanoid formation, arachidonic acid release and cytosolic phospholipase A 2 -α(cPLA 2 -α) activation in human platelets. Ortho-substituted PCBs induced a time and dosedependent release of arachidonic acid and the concomitant formation of 12(S)-hydroxy-5,8-cis-10-trans-14-cis-eicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) and 12(S)-hydroxy-5-cis-8,10-transheptadecatrienoic acid (12-HHT) in human platelets. The release of arachidonic acid and the formation of 12-HETE was completely blocked by the cPLA 2 -α inhibitors AACOCF 3 or pyrrolidine-1. PCB-treatment of platelets demonstrated that the cPLA 2 -α protein as well as PLA 2 activity translocated to the membrane fraction, independent of a rise in intracellular Ca 2+ . Furthermore, electrophoretic gel mobility shift analysis of cPLA 2 -α on SDS-PAGE demonstrated a PCB-dependent phosphorylation of cPLA 2 -α. The effects of 17β-estradiol and two structurally unrelated anti-estrogens, nafoxidin and tamoxifen on PCB-induced arachidonic acid release in platelets were also investigated. Both nafoxidin and tamoxifen inhibited PCB-induced arachidonic acid release as well as 12-HETE and 12-HHT formation. Interestingly, platelets incubated with PCBs did not aggregate despite the fact that robust release of arachidonic acid was observed. In summary, these results demonstrate that certain PCBs induce activation of cPLA 2 -α independent of a rise in intracellular calcium and a robust release of arachidonic acid release with resulting eicosanoid formation in human platelets.

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Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Effects Of Pcbs On the Biosynthesis Of 12-hete And 12-hht Inmentioning

confidence: 99%

Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Forsell

Olsson

Andersson

et al. 2005

Biochemical Pharmacology

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“…CB-138 co-elutes with CB-158, but since they have identical TEFs (0.00002) the concentration measured as CB-138 equivalents is applied for the calculation of TEQs. CB-170 co-elutes with CB-190 (Schulz et al, 1989). The same reasoning as for CB-156/-171 is valid for these two pairs of congeners.…”

Section: Pcb Analyses In Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 57%

“…None of the non-ortho-substituted PCBs (CBs -77, -126 and -169) can be determined. Of these congeners, only CB-126 is measurably present in CloA50 (Schulz et al, 1989). Of the mono-ortho-substituted PCBs present in CloA50, CB-105 and CB-118 can be determined unequivocally.…”

Section: Pcb Analyses In Adipose Tissuementioning

confidence: 92%

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Toxic and biochemical effects of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) and clophen A50 on eider duckling (Somateria mollissima) in a semi-field experiment

Murk¹,

Berg²,

Fellinger³

et al. 1994

Environmental Pollution

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Toxic and biochemical effects of 3,3',4,4'-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) and Clophen A50 on eider ducklings (Somateria mollissima) in a semi-field experiment. Murk, A.J.; van den Berg, J.H.H.; Fellinger, M.; Rozemeijer, M.J.C.; Swennen, C.; Duiven, P.; Boon, J.P.; Koeman, J.H. General rightsIt is not permitted to download or to forward/distribute the text or part of it without the consent of the author(s) and/or copyright holder(s), other than for strictly personal, individual use, unless the work is under an open content license (like Creative Commons). Disclaimer/Complaints regulationsIf you believe that digital publication of certain material infringes any of your rights or (privacy) interests, please let the Library know, stating your reasons. In case of a legitimate complaint, the Library will make the material inaccessible and/or remove it from the website. Please Ask the Library: http://uba.uva.nl/en/contact, or a letter to: Library of the University of Amsterdam, Secretariat, Singel 425, 1012 WP Amsterdam, The Netherlands. You will be contacted as soon as possible.

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Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

Fava

Gioia

Marchetti

1998

Biotechnol. Bioeng.

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The possibility of enhancing the intrinsic ex‐situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorinated biphenyl‐contaminated soil by using cyclodextrins was studied in this work. The soil, contaminated with a large array of polychlorinated biphenyls and deriving from a dump site where it has been stored for about 10 years, was found to contain indigenous cultivable aerobic bacteria capable of utilising biphenyl and chlorobenzoic acids. The soil was amended with inorganic nutrients and biphenyl, saturated with water, and treated in aerobic batch slurry‐ and fixed‐phase reactors. Hydroxypropyl‐β‐cyclodextrin and γ‐cyclodextrin, added to both reactor systems at the concentration of 10 g/L at the 39th and 100th days of treatment, were found to generally enhance the depletion rate and extent of the soil polychlorobiphenyls. Despite some abiotic losses could have affected the depletion data, experimental evidence, such as the production of metabolites tentatively characterized as chlorobenzoic acids and chloride ion accumulation in the reactors, indicated that cyclodextrins significantly enhanced the biological degradation of the soil polychlorobiphenyls. This result has been ascribed to the capability of cyclodextrins of enhancing the availability of polychlorobiphenyls in the hydrophilic soil environment populated by immobilised and suspended indigenous soil microorganisms. Both cyclodextrins were metabolised by the indigenous soil microorganisms at the concentration at which they were used. Therefore, cyclodextrins, both for their capability of enhancing the biodegradation of soil polychlorobiphenyls and for their biodegradability, can have the potential of being successfully used in the bioremediation of chronically polychlorinated biphenyl‐contaminated soils. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Biotechnol Bioeng 58:345–355, 1998.

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Complete characterization of polychlorinated biphenyl congeners in commercial Aroclor and Clophen mixtures by multidimensional gas chromatography-electron capture detection

Cited by 633 publications

References 15 publications

Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Polychlorinated biphenyls induce arachidonic acid release in human platelets in a tamoxifen sensitive manner via activation of group IVA cytosolic phospholipase A2-α

Toxic and biochemical effects of 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl (CB-77) and clophen A50 on eider duckling (Somateria mollissima) in a semi-field experiment

Cyclodextrin effects on theex-situ bioremediation of a chronically polychlorobiphenyl-contaminated soil

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