Complete Genome Sequence and Pathogenicity of Two Swine Parainfluenzavirus 3 Isolates from Pigs in the United States

Qiao, Dan; Janke, Bruce H.; Elankumaran, Subbiah

doi:10.1128/jvi.00847-09

Cited by 20 publications

(18 citation statements)

References 61 publications

(67 reference statements)

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“…The two BPI3Va strains reported here belonged to two distinct subgroups while the SF-4 reference strain was assigned to the third. These similarities were reported previously [ 19 ], where two distinct subgenotypes were formed by ISU92 and 910 N and by SF4 and TX-81. Here, we demonstrated that there is a third subgenotype formed by NM09 and TVLMD60.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

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Identification and genome characterization of genotype B and genotype C bovine parainfluenza type 3 viruses isolated in the United States

Neill

Ridpath

Valayudhan³

2015

BMC Vet Res

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BackgroundBovine parainfluenza 3 viruses (BPI3V) are respiratory pathogens of cattle that cause disease singly but are often associated with bovine respiratory disease complex (BRDC) in conjunction with other viral and bacterial agents. Bovine vaccines currently contain BPI3V to provide protection against the virus, but there is no current information regarding the BPI3V strains that are circulating in the U.S.ResultsA project was initiated to sequence archival BPI3V isolates to study viral evolution over time. This was done with a deep sequencing protocol that generated sequences of multiple RNA virus genomes simultaneously. Analysis of the BPI3V sequences revealed that, in addition to the genotype A (BPI3Va) viruses previously described in the United States, there were two additional genotypes of BPI3V circulating that had been described only in Australia (BPI3Vb) and Asia (BPI3Vc). The U.S. BPI3Vb and BPI3Vc isolates showed some divergence from the Australian and Asian strains; the BPI3Vb were 93 % similar to the Australian Q5592 strain and the BPI3Vc viruses were 98 % similar to the 12Q061 strain that was described in South Korea. Overall, the three genotypes were 82 to 84 % identical to each other and 80 % identical to the most similar human PI3V. Cross-neutralization studies using an APHIS/NVSL BPI3V reference serum showed that neutralization titers against the genotype B and C viruses were 4- to ≥16-fold less then the titer against the APHIS BPI3Va reference strain, SF-4.ConclusionsThis study clearly demonstrated that BPI3Vb and BPI3Vc strains, previously thought to be foreign to the U.S., are indeed circulating in domestic livestock herds. Based on virus neutralization using polyclonal antisera, there were antigenic differences between viruses from these genotypes and the BPI3Va viruses that are included in currently marketed bovine vaccines. Further study of these viruses is warranted to determine pathogenic potential and cross-protection afforded by vaccination.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 90%

“…An earlier study described the isolation and characterization of two porcine isolates of BPI3Va, TX81 and ISU92 [ 7 , 19 ]. It was proposed that these viruses were variants of BPI3Va that were transferred to pigs from cattle.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification and genome characterization of genotype B and genotype C bovine parainfluenza type 3 viruses isolated in the United States

Neill

Ridpath

Valayudhan³

2015

BMC Vet Res

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“…Five additional mosaic PIV sequences were detected through the analysis of sequences from isolates characterized in previous reports:, HT88 (U01082) [19], HT89a [19] (U01083), HT89c (U01085) [19], 81-19252_Texas-81 (EU439429) [13,14] and 92-7783_ISU-92 (EU439428) [13,14] (Table 2). Two HN gene mosaics, HT88 and HT89a shared the same recombination event (Table 2), suggesting they descended from the same mosaic ancestor.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Identification of a natural human serotype 3 parainfluenza virus

Yang

Jiang

Zhou

et al. 2011

Virol J

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Parainfluenza virus is an important pathogen threatening the health of animals and human, which brings human many kinds of disease, especially lower respiratory tract infection involving infants and young children. In order to control the virus, it is necessary to fully understand the molecular basis resulting in the genetic diversity of the virus. Homologous recombination is one of mechanisms for the rapid change of genetic diversity. However, as a negative-strand virus, it is unknown whether the recombination can naturally take place in human PIV. In this study, we isolated and identified a mosaic serotype 3 human PIV (HPIV3) from in China, and also provided several putative PIV mosaics from previous reports to reveal that the recombination can naturally occur in the virus. In addition, two swine PIV3 isolates transferred from cattle to pigs were found to have mosaic genomes. These results suggest that homologous recombination can promote the genetic diversity and potentially bring some novel biologic characteristics of HPIV.

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“…In the 1980s and 1990s, two paramyxoviruses, Texas-81 (81-19252) and , were isolated from an outbreak of respiratory and neurological disease in pigs (Janke et al, 2001). These viruses were later determined to be BPIV3 (Coelingh et al, 1986;Qiao et al, 2009Qiao et al, , 2010. BPIV3 has also been shown to infect humans (Ben-Ishai et al, 1980;Schmidt et al, 2000).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Widespread detection and characterization of porcine parainfluenza virus 1 in pigs in the USA

Palinski

Chen

Henningson

et al. 2016

Journal of General Virology

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Porcine parainfluenza virus 1 (PPIV1) was first identified in 2013 in slaughterhouse pigs in Hong Kong, China. Here, two near-complete genomes were assembled from swine exhibiting acute respiratory disease that were 90.0-95.3 % identical to Chinese PPIV1. Analysis of the HN gene from ten additional PPIV1-positive samples found 85.0-95.5 % identity, suggesting genetic diversity between strains. Molecular analysis identified 17 out of 279 (6.1 %) positive samples from pigs with respiratory disease. Eleven nursery pigs from a naturally infected herd were asymptomatic; however, nasal swabs from six pigs and the lungs of a single pig were quantitative reverse transcriptase (qRT)-PCR positive. Histopathology identified PPIV1 RNA in the nasal respiratory epithelium and trachea. Two serological assays demonstrated seroconversion of infected pigs and further analysis of 59 swine serum samples found 52.5 % and 66.1 % seropositivity, respectively. Taken together, the results confirm the widespread presence of PPIV1 in the US swine herd.

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Complete Genome Sequence and Pathogenicity of Two Swine Parainfluenzavirus 3 Isolates from Pigs in the United States

Cited by 20 publications

References 61 publications

Identification and genome characterization of genotype B and genotype C bovine parainfluenza type 3 viruses isolated in the United States

Identification and genome characterization of genotype B and genotype C bovine parainfluenza type 3 viruses isolated in the United States

Identification of a natural human serotype 3 parainfluenza virus

Widespread detection and characterization of porcine parainfluenza virus 1 in pigs in the USA

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