Complete Genome Sequence of a Clinical
            <i>Campylobacter</i>
            Isolate Identical to a Novel
            <i>Campylobacter</i>
            Species

Duim, Birgitta; Bloois, Linda van der Graaf–van; Timmerman, Arjen J.; Wagenaar, Jaap A.; Flipse, Jacky; Wallinga, J.A.; Bloembergen, Peter; Miller, William G.; Zomer, Aldert

doi:10.1128/mra.00721-20

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 14 publications

(14 reference statements)

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“…C. infans has been isolated once in a patient with chronic diarrhea living with HIV in Europe. In this instance, the detection of C. infans was not clearly associated with the chronic diarrhea reported, yet it represents the only report of its isolation [14,15]. Further query using both IpxA and atpA markers specific for C. infans in samples derived from the GEMS cohort identified the potential new Campylobacter species in 10% of fecal samples analyzed, all of which were positive for Campylobacter spp.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“Candidatus Campylobacter infans” detection is not associated with diarrhea in children under the age of 2 in Peru

et al. 2022

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A working hypothesis is that less common species of Campylobacter (other than C. jejuni and C. coli) play a role in enteric disease among children in low resource settings and explain the gap between the detection of Campylobacter using culture and culture independent methods. “Candidatus Campylobacter infans” (C. infans), was recently detected in stool samples from children and hypothesized to play a role in Campylobacter epidemiology in low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). This study determined the prevalence of C. infans in symptomatic and asymptomatic stool samples from children living in Iquitos, Peru. Stool samples from 215 children with diarrhea and 50 stool samples from children without diarrhea under the age of two were evaluated using a multiplex qPCR assay to detect Campylobacter spp. (16S rRNA), Campylobacter jejuni / Campylobacter coli (cadF gene), C. infans (lpxA), and Shigella spp. (ipaH). C. infans was detected in 7.9% (17/215) symptomatic samples and 4.0% (2/50) asymptomatic samples. The association between diarrhea and the presence of these targets was evaluated using univariate logistic regressions. C. infans was not associated with diarrhea. Fifty-one percent (75/146) of Campylobacter positive fecal samples were negative for C. jejuni, C. coli, and C. infans via qPCR. Shotgun metagenomics confirmed the presence of C. infans among 13 out of 14 positive C. infans positive stool samples. C infans explained only 20.7% of the diagnostic gap in stools from children with diarrhea and 16.7% of the gap in children without diarrhea. We posit that poor cadF primer performance better explains the observed gap than the prevalence of atypical non-C. jejuni/coli species.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 80%

“Candidatus Campylobacter infans” detection is not associated with diarrhea in children under the age of 2 in Peru

et al. 2022

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“…infans was identifiable in 59.1% (26/44) fecal samples that were determined to have Campylobacter by a genus specific PCR assay, and that did not amplify the cadF gene. This potential new species of Campylobacter has only been isolated once from a patient in Europe, yet it was shown to be prevalent in fecal samples from children in Southeast Asia and Africa [36,45,46].…”

Section: Plos Neglected Tropical Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples from children in Peru reveals frequent complex co-infections with multiple Campylobacter species

et al. 2022

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Campylobacter spp. are a major cause of bacterial diarrhea worldwide and are associated with high rates of mortality and linear growth faltering in children living in low- to middle-income countries (LMICs). Campylobacter jejuni and Campylobacter coli are most often the causative agents of enteric disease among children in LMICs. However, previous work on a collection of stool samples from children under 2 years of age, living in a low resource community in Peru with either acute diarrheal disease or asymptomatic, were found to be qPCR positive for Campylobacter species but qPCR negative for C. jejuni and C. coli. The goal of this study was to determine if whole-genome shotgun metagenomic sequencing (WSMS) could identify the Campylobacter species within these samples. The Campylobacter species identified in these stool samples included C. jejuni, C. coli, C. upsaliensis, C. concisus, and the potential new species of Campylobacter, "Candidatus Campylobacter infans". Moreover, WSMS results demonstrate that over 65% of the samples represented co-infections with multiple Campylobacter species present in a single stool sample, a novel finding in human populations.

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“…lawsonii and whole genome sequencing of the isolate identified 99% homology to the recently identified novel Campylobacter spp. "candidatus Campylobacter infans" [7,18]. None of the 16S rRNA sequences that were detected in months 5, 11 and 12 showed homology with this Campylobacter species.…”

Section: Case Reportmentioning

confidence: 96%

A Case of Persistent Diarrhea in a Man with the Molecular Detection of Various Campylobacter species and the First Isolation of candidatus Campylobacter infans

et al. 2020

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A man with a well-controlled HIV infection, previously diagnosed with lymphogranuloma venereum and treated for Hodgkin’s lymphoma, was suffering from chronic diarrhea. He travelled to Indonesia in the month prior to the start of complaints. Over a 15-month period, sequences related to Campylobactertroglodytis/upsaliensis, C. pinnepediorum/mucosalis/concisus and C. hominis were detected by 16S rRNA qPCR-based assays in various stool samples and in a colon biopsy. Culture revealed the first isolation of “candidatus Campylobacter infans”, a species identified recently by molecular methods only. The patient was treated with azithromycin, ciprofloxacin and tetracycline. To identify potential continuous exposure of the patient to Campylobacter, stool samples of the partner and the cat of the patient were analyzed and C. pinnepediorum/mucosalis/concisus and C. helveticus, respectively, were detected. The diversity in detected species in this immunocompromised patient with a lack of repeatedly consistent findings resulted in the conclusion that not any of the Campylobacter species was the primary cause of the clinical condition. This study shows the challenges in detection and interpretation of diagnostic results regarding Campylobacter.

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Complete Genome Sequence of a Clinical Campylobacter Isolate Identical to a Novel Campylobacter Species

Cited by 3 publications

References 14 publications

“Candidatus Campylobacter infans” detection is not associated with diarrhea in children under the age of 2 in Peru

“Candidatus Campylobacter infans” detection is not associated with diarrhea in children under the age of 2 in Peru

Shotgun metagenomics of fecal samples from children in Peru reveals frequent complex co-infections with multiple Campylobacter species

A Case of Persistent Diarrhea in a Man with the Molecular Detection of Various Campylobacter species and the First Isolation of candidatus Campylobacter infans

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