Complete mitochondrial genome of Indian mithun, Bos frontalis and its phylogenetic implications

The complete mitochondrial genome of Indian gaur, Bos gaurus and its phylogenetic implications

“…1). The genome size and gene order were similar to previously reported gaur and mithun mitochondrial genomes 17,18 . The heavy (H) strand encoded most of the genes (28 of the 37 genes) except NADH dehydrogenase subunit 6 (nad6) and 8 tRNA genes (trnQ, trnA, trnN, trnC, trnY, trnS2, trnE and trnP) which were encoded by the Light (L) strand.…”

“…Also, notably, all the PCGs showed positive AT skew except for the genes cox1, cox3, and nad6, whereas GC skew was positive only in nad6 gene. As commonly observed in other bovine and vertebrate species 18,19,32,33 , the PCGs were subdivided into seven NADH dehydrogenase subunits (nad1, nad2, nad3, nad4, nad4L, nad5 and nad6), three cytochrome c oxidase (cox1, cox2 and cox3), two ATPase subunits (atp8 and atp6) and a cytochrome b gene (cob). The size of the PCGs varied significantly with atp8 (201 bp) being the shortest and nad5 (1821 bp) being the longest among all.…”

“…The size of the PCGs varied significantly with atp8 (201 bp) being the shortest and nad5 (1821 bp) being the longest among all. Besides, there were four adjacent pairs of PCGs (atp8-atp6, atp6-cox3, nad4L-nad4 and nad5-nad6) which is a common gene positioning observed among the vertebrates 18,19,33 . The relative synonymous codon usage (RSCU) analysis showed the highest utilization of CUA, GGA, GUA and CGA codons among PCGs (Fig.…”

“…Considering the above facts, genetic characterization of gaur holds great importance. Mitochondrial genome has been widely used to study the evolutionary and phylogenetic relationship of various species due to its high mutation rate and lack of recombination [16][17][18][19] . In the present study for the first time, we sequenced the complete mitochondrial genome of four Indian gaur sampled from different places of India.…”

The complete mitochondrial genome sequence ofLepus tolaiin Xinjiang

“…The length of the complete mitogenome of L. tolai is 17,047 bp (GenBank accession: MN539744) with 13 proteincoding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs, two rRNAs, and a control region, similar to other vertebrates (Huang et al 2019;Prabhu et al 2019). The overall base composition of mtDNA is 31.81% for A, 29.40% for T, 25.67% for C, and 13.12% for G. The AT skew is 0.039 and GC skew is À0.324 indicating C richness over G. These skewness is different in some species such as insects, fish, and mammals (Perna and Kocher 1995;Mao et al 2019).…”