Complete mitochondrial genome of mouthbrooding fighting fish (Betta pi) compared with bubble nesting fighting fish (B. splendens)

Abstract

Betta pi is the largest species of mouthbrooding fighting fish, while B. splendens is a globally ornamental bubble nesting fish. Complete mitochondrial genomes (mitogenomes) of wild individuals of B. pi and B. splendens were determined. The mitogenome sequences were 16,521 and 16,980 base pair in length, containing 37 genes with gene order identical to most teleost mitogenomes. Overall A þ T content was 57.72% for B. pi and 61.92% for B. splendens. Phylogenetic analysis showed that B. pi and B. splendens were highly supported monophyletic clades. Our results will facilitate further genetic studies, including mitochondrial variations and population structure of fighting fishes.

Complete mitochondrial genome of 10 anemonefishes belonging to Amphiprion and Premnas

“…Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplifications were performed using universal mitogenome primers (Mauro et al 2004) and specific primers were developed to amplify remaining parts of the genome. All PCR products were sequenced by DNA sequencing service, First Base Laboratories Sdn Bhd (Selangor, Malaysia), with annotation performed following Srikulnath et al (2012) and Prakhongcheep et al (2018). Mitogenome sequence size of 10 anemonefishes (16,762-16,980 bp) was similar to previous reports (Mabuchi et al 2007;Li et al 2015;Hu et al 2016;Tao et al 2016).…”

Wild Betta fighting fish species in Thailand and other Southeast Asian countries

“…After more than a decade researching Betta fish, we wish to suggest two research venues to exploit DNA technology to enhance the beauty and reduce aggressive behavior. Complete mitochondrial genome sequences of the bubble-nesters (B. splendens and B. mahachaiensis) and the mouthbrooders (B. apollon, B. pi, and B. simplex) have now been published [45][46][47][48]. (A) Exploiting molecular techniques to produce fish with desirable traits for fish lovers, for example fish pigment distribution on the body, fin shape, and body size [49][50][51][52], with more precise outcomes, unlike the present practice of hit-and-miss Mendelian genetics.…”

Characterization of five completeCyrtodactylusmitogenome structures reveals low structural diversity and conservation of repeated sequences in the lineage

“…Compared with nuclear DNA, mitogenome gene content is likely conserved with very low levels of recombination, while mitogenome sequences evolved rapidly (Elson & Lightowlers, 2006; Gissi, Iannelli & Pesole, 2008). These features are very useful tools for the resolution of taxonomic controversies (Srikulnath et al, 2012; Sun, Cheng & Zhang, 2015; Supikamolseni et al, 2015; Laopichienpong et al, 2016; Thongtam na Ayudhaya et al, 2017; Prakhongcheep et al, 2018). Simultaneously, nucleotide sequences of the CR containing repeated sequences known as variable number of tandem repeat (VNTR), show high mutation rate which is advantageous for population and phylogeographic studies (Wang, Zhou & Nie, 2011; Lapbenjakul et al, 2017).…”