Complete nucleotide sequence of the Japanese encephalitis virus genome RNA

Genetic Variation of Murray Valley Encephalitis Virus

“…5). The relative stability of the genome of MVE is not surprising in view of the findings of Trent et al (1980), who demonstrated genetic stability of the SLE genome in strains circulating for many years in a given geographical region by RNase T1 fingerprint analysis, and the results of McAda et al (1987) and Sumiyoshi et al (1987), who sequenced a large part and the whole of the Japanese encephalitis virus genome respectively, using two different isolates from broadly the same geographical area but isolated about 4 decades apart. The genomes of these two isolates are very similar.…”

Genetic Variation of Japanese Encephalitis Virus in Nature

“…1 shows the approximate geographic location of the site of virus isolations. The JaOArS982 virus strain, which has been completely sequenced by Sumiyoshi et al (1987), was used as a reference for sequence comparisons. The identity of all other JE virus strains included in this study was confirmed by an indirect fluorescent antibody test, using a JE-specific monoclonal antibody provided by Dr P. W. Mason, Yale Arbovirus Research Unit, Yale University, Conn., U.S.A. Stocks of each virus were prepared in monolayer cultures of Aedes albopictus (C6/36) cells (Igarashi, 1978).…”

“…JE virus RNA sequences were determined using the dideoxynucleotide chain-termination method (Sanger et al, 1977;Biggin et al, 1983), modified for RNA templates (Zimmern & Kaesberg, 1978), by extension of a synthetic DNA primer with reverse transcriptase as described previously (Rico-Hesse et aL, 1987). Two primers were used to obtain the JE virus RNA sequence information: M-98, a 17-mer, 5' GTGTCCTCACACATGTA Y, which binds to the centre of the pre-M gene (map site 603 to 619; Sumiyoshi et al, 1987) and M-99, a 17-mer, 5" TTGGAATGCCTGGTCCG 3", which binds to the 3" end of the pre-M gene (map site 723 to 739; Sumiyoshi et al, 1987). The rationale behind the selection of a specific region of the genome for comparison has been described previously (Rico-Hesse, 1990).…”

Molecular and biological characterization of a non-glycosylated isolate of St Louis encephalitis virus

“…Viruses having two potential N-linked glycosylation sites on the E glycoprotein are the MSI-7 strain of SLE (Trent et al, 1987), dengue type 1 , dengue type 2 (Deubel et al, 1986;Hahn et al, 1988;Gruenberg et aI., 1988), dengue type 3 (Osatomi et al, 1988;Osatomi & Sumioshi, 1990), dengue type 4 (Zhao et al, 1986) and American isolates of yellow fever (YF) virus (Ballinger-Crabtree & Miller, 1990). Other flaviviruses contain a single glycosylation site, including tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) virus (Mandl et al, 1988), Murray Valley encephalitis virus (Dalgarno et al, 1986), Japanese encephalitis (JE) virus (Sumiyoshi et al, 1987;McAda et aI., 1987) and an African isolate of YF virus (Rice et al, 1985;BallingerCrabtree & Miller, 1990). Apparently unique among enveloped viruses, two flaviviruses, West Nile (WN) and Kunjin (KUN) lack N-linked glycosylation sites on their E proteins (Wengler et aI., 1985;Coia et al, 1988), whereas the African strains of YF virus fail to utilize their single glycosylation site (Deubel et al, 1987;Cane & Gould, 1989).…”