Complete Procedure for Fabrication of a Fused Silica Ultrarapid Microfluidic Mixer Used in Biophysical Measurements

Izadi, Dena; Nguyen, Trieu; Lapidus, Lisa J.

doi:10.3390/mi8010016

Cited by 18 publications

(11 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…In a different mutant of lambda, T-jump and P-jump (dropping the pressure from 1 kbar to 1 bar) yield different kinetics that were attributed to a misfolded packing of one helix accessible only when exiting out of the high-pressure unfolded state 52 . These discrepancies are not a universal phenomenon: T-jump and P-jump of the Fip35 fragment of a WW domain yielded very similar kinetics, as does T-jump and rapid dilution of denaturant of a different WW domain, Pin1 70 , 71 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein unfolding mechanisms and their effects on folding experiments

Lapidus

2017

F1000Res

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In this review, I discuss the various methods researchers use to unfold proteins in the lab in order to understand protein folding both in vitro and in vivo. The four main techniques, chemical-, heat-, pressure- and force-denaturation, produce distinctly different unfolded conformational ensembles. Recent measurements have revealed different folding kinetics from different unfolding mechanisms. Thus, comparing these distinct unfolded ensembles sheds light on the underlying free energy landscape of folding.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Protein unfolding mechanisms and their effects on folding experiments

Lapidus

2017

F1000Res

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“…This resultant mixing time is close to or faster than the results published in previous works [26,35] which used similar microchannel scales and ferrofluids for mixing enhancement. Lapidus [36] utilized advanced fabrication techniques and performed mixing experiments in the microchannel with a much smaller scale than in the current work. The mixing time from Lapidus' experiments reached as low as a few microseconds, which is smaller than that in the current work.…”

Section: Effect Of Total Flow Rate On Mixing Efficiencymentioning

confidence: 99%

Rapid Microfluidic Mixer Based on Ferrofluid and Integrated Microscale NdFeB-PDMS Magnet

et al. 2019

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Ferrofluid-based micromixers have been widely used for a myriad of microfluidic industrial applications in biochemical engineering, food processing, and detection/analytical processes. However, complete mixing in micromixers is extremely time-consuming and requires very long microchannels due to laminar flow. In this paper, we developed an effective and low-cost microfluidic device integrated with microscale magnets manufactured with neodymium (NdFeB) powders and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) to achieve rapid micromixing between ferrofluid and buffer flow. Experiments were conducted systematically to investigate the effect of flow rate, concentration of the ferrofluid, and micromagnet NdFeB:PDMS mass ratio on the mixing performance. It was found that mixing is more efficient with lower total flow rates and higher ferrofluid concentration, which generate greater magnetic forces acting on both streamwise and lateral directions to increase the intermixing of the fluids within a longer residence time. Numerical models were also developed to simulate the mixing process in the microchannel under the same conditions and the simulation results indicated excellent agreements with the experimental data on mixing performance. Combining experimental measurements and numerical simulations, this study demonstrates a simple yet effective method to realize rapid mixing for lab-on-chip systems.

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“…Thermoplastic polymers (plastics) like poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA), polystyrene (PS), cyclic olefin copolymers (COC), or polycarbonate (PC) have gained increasing interest during the last decade, as they allow easy surface treatment/modification, are generally transparent and biocompatible [ 5 ] and demonstrate suitability to meet some of the industrial requirements for the LOC market [ 15 ]. In particular, thanks to their low costs, they can be used for the fabrication of disposable microfluidic chips, opening a way to a wide plethora of applications, ranging from mixing [ 16 ], sample preparation, and analytical tools [ 17 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Innovative 3D Microfluidic Tools for On-Chip Fluids and Particles Manipulation: From Design to Experimental Validation

et al. 2021

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Micromixers are essential components in lab-on-a-chip devices, of which the low efficiency can limit many bio-application studies. Effective mixing with automation capabilities is still a crucial requirement. In this paper, we present a method to fabricate a three-dimensional (3D) poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) fluidic mixer by combining computer-aided design (CAD), micromilling technology, and experimental application via manipulating fluids and nanoparticles. The entire platform consists of three microfabricated layers with a bottom reservoir-shaped microchannel, a central serpentine channel, and a through-hole for interconnection and an upper layer containing inlets and outlet. The sealing process of the three layers and the high-precision and customizable methods used for fabrication ensure the realization of the monolithic 3D architecture. This provides buried running channels able to perform passive chaotic mixing and dilution functions, thanks to a portion of the pathway in common between the reservoir and serpentine layers. The possibility to plug-and-play micropumping systems allows us to easily demonstrate the feasibility and working features of our device for tracking the mixing and dilution performances of the micromixer by using colored fluids and fluorescent nanoparticles as the proof of concept. Exploiting the good transparency of the PMMA, spatial liquid composition and better control over reaction variables are possible, and the real-time monitoring of experiments under a fluorescence microscope is also allowed. The tools shown in this paper are easily integrable in more complex lab-on-chip platforms.

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Complete Procedure for Fabrication of a Fused Silica Ultrarapid Microfluidic Mixer Used in Biophysical Measurements

Cited by 18 publications

References 17 publications

Protein unfolding mechanisms and their effects on folding experiments

Protein unfolding mechanisms and their effects on folding experiments

Rapid Microfluidic Mixer Based on Ferrofluid and Integrated Microscale NdFeB-PDMS Magnet

Innovative 3D Microfluidic Tools for On-Chip Fluids and Particles Manipulation: From Design to Experimental Validation

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