Complex Objectives, Decentralization, and the Decision Process of the Organization

The Impact of Organizational Goal Setting on the Industrial Munificence-Goal Attainment Relationship

“…Conceptualized in this way, organizational goals are in essence benchmarks used to evaluate the effectiveness of organizational behaviors and attained outcomes (Tansik, 1973). Other conceptualizations such as the work motif (Blau & McKinley, 1979) or work objective (Krouse, 1972) also accentuate the normative function of organizational goals as "the intellectual ethos or prevailing set of ideas concerning what architecture is and what it should accomplish" (Blau & McKinley, 1979: 201-202). Simon (1964: 1) took the normative conceptualization of organizational goals one step further by representing them as "constraints" of organizational structure and behaviors (Simon, 1964: 1).…”

“…To facilitate our empirical analysis, we therefore articulate an alternative although still normative conceptualization of goals. We define organizational goal types as an evoked set of satisficing or policy constraints, where particular satisficing levels or targets are continually updated through compromise and achievement (Krouse, 1972;Simon, 1964). Goal types are effectiveness criteria whose attainment requires performance of related actions.…”

“…When organizations engage in a broad search in exploring environmental opportunities, a clear priority among rules and actions makes exploration more efficient (Krouse, 1972). The degree to which organizations have a specific focus or goal type prioritization is reflected in the variability of the importance ascribed to goal types.…”

“…Goals have been examined extensively -mainly through the lens of expectancy, motivation, and the roles of principles and agents (Fred & Slowik, 2004;Lee & Schuler, 1980;Steers, 1976;Tubbs, 1986). Goals have been conceptualized in many different ways, for example, as objectives (Blau & McKinley, 1979;Krouse, 1972), evaluation criteria (Tansik, 1973), effectiveness criteria (Connolly et al, 1980;Hoy & Hellriegel, 1982), and aspiration levels (Lant, 1992). But these prior studies of goals and related constructs have generally focused on the effectiveness of specific goals or goal components in improving organizational performance.…”

Proceedings of the workshop on national/regional energy-environmental modeling concepts, May 30-June 1, 1979

“…This approach became very popular subsequent to Dantzig-Wo1fe' s formulation of the decomposition principle (Dantzig and Wolfe 1960) and Bender's partitioning procedure (Benders 1962). Baumol and Fabian (1964) saw the similarities between the block angular structure of the Dantzig- Abel-Khalik and Lusk, 1971, Aoki 1971, Atkins 1973, Cassidy, Kirby and Raike 1971, Charnes, Clower and Kortanek 1967, Hass 1968, Heal 1971, Jennergren 1973, Krouse 1972, Weitzman 1970; of resource directive mechanisms (Geoffrion 1970, Kornai and Liptak 1965, Silverman 1972, Ten Kate 1972and Zschau 1966 as well as of hybrid mechanisms (Atkins 1973, andEnnuste 1973) abound.…”