Green’s functions of infinite and semi-infinite plane problems of one-dimensional quasicrystals with piezoelectric effect are obtained in a closed form by Stroh formalism. Some numerical examples under different loading conditions, such as line forces, line dislocations, and a line charge, are given to explain the mechanical and electric behaviors of the quasicrystals. Various elastic–electric constants of quasicrystals are analyzed and the coupling effects between the phonon and phason fields are studied. The presented solutions will be useful for many boundary value problems of one-dimensional quasicrystals with piezoelectric effect. Moreover, the numerical results can be used to verify the accuracy of the solutions by some numerical methods, such as the finite element and boundary element methods. Furthermore, the Stroh formalism can be generalized to the researches on more complex problems of quasicrystals.