Complexity and Dynamism from an Urban Health Perspective: a Rationale for a System Dynamics Approach

Tozan, Yesim; Ompad, Danielle C.

doi:10.1007/s11524-015-9963-2

Cited by 27 publications

(16 citation statements)

References 59 publications

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“…11 To date, urban health research has demonstrated that the complexities of urban areas can shape community and population health. 12,13 For example, urban stressors-chronic stress felt by adolescents taking into account social factors such as race and the environment, are important indicators of poor social and developmental outcomes. 11 Research examining the impact of living in an urban area is broadly categorized into three themes: the urban physical environment, the urban social environment, and health and social services.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress in the City: Influence of Urban Social Stress and Violence on Pregnancy and Postpartum Quality of Life among Adolescent and Young Mothers

Willie

Powell²,

Kershaw

2016

J Urban Health

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Adolescent and young mothers transitioning from pregnancy to postpartum need to maintain an optimal quality of life. Stress and exposure to violence (e.g., intimate partner violence (IPV), nonpartner violence) are predictors of poor quality of life for adult women; however, these associations remain understudied among adolescent and young mothers in urban areas. Guided by the social ecological model, the current study created a latent variable, urban social stress, to examine the impact of the urban social environment (i.e., stressful life events, discrimination, family stress, and neighborhood problems) on the quality of life of adolescent and young mothers during both pregnancy and postpartum. The current study is a secondary data analysis of a prospective cohort study of 296 expectant young mothers recruited at obstetrics and gynecology clinics. Results from structural equation and multigroup models found that higher urban social stress predicted lower mental and physical quality of life during pregnancy, but these associations were significantly stronger for IPV-exposed and nonpartner violence-exposed mothers. In the postpartum period, higher urban social stress predicted lower mental and physical quality of life, but these associations were significantly stronger for IPV-unexposed and nonpartner violence-exposed mothers. Stress reduction programs need to help adolescent and young mothers in urban areas develop stress management skills specific to urban social stress. Pregnancy and parenting programs need to be tailored to the specific needs of young mothers in urban areas by becoming sensitive to the role of IPV and nonpartner violence in these young women's lives.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Stress in the City: Influence of Urban Social Stress and Violence on Pregnancy and Postpartum Quality of Life among Adolescent and Young Mothers

Willie

Powell²,

Kershaw

2016

J Urban Health

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“…They typically are involved in feedback loops, which can reinforce or Bike promotion reduce effects with beneficial or detrimental results. 297 For example, dockless bike-sharing programmes can promote active lifestyles and mitigate air pollution but might also increase personal exposure to pollutants and injuries from road traffic accidents ( figure 13). 111 Urban health interventions should be supported by a conceptual and action framework that can accommodate the dynamics of multiple sectors and multiple scales.…”

Section: Why Healthy Cities?mentioning

confidence: 99%

The Tsinghua–Lancet Commission on Healthy Cities in China: unlocking the power of cities for a healthy China

et al. 2018

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“…Stakeholders can generate hypothetical single, multiple, or sequential evidence-based and locally generated interventions and other actions expected to attain optimal outcomes. They can then test these strategies virtually through simulation before expending effort and resources to implement them [20,27,35]. We used group model building (GMB) [36][37][38][39] to develop, calibrate, and validate a computational tool [40] representing the HIV health and social services care continuum (CC).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulating system dynamics of the HIV care continuum to achieve treatment as prevention

Weeks

Lounsbury

et al. 2020

PLoS ONE

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The continuing HIV pandemic calls for broad, multi-sectoral responses that foster community control of local prevention and care services, with the goal of leveraging high quality treatment as a means of reducing HIV incidence. Service system improvements require stakeholder input from across the care continuum to identify gaps and to inform strategic plans that improve HIV service integration and delivery. System dynamics modeling offers a participatory research approach through which stakeholders learn about system complexity and about ways to achieve sustainable system-level improvements. Via an intensive group model building process with a task force of community stakeholders with diverse roles and responsibilities for HIV service implementation, delivery and surveillance, we designed and validated a multi-module system dynamics model of the HIV care continuum, in relation to local prevention and care service capacities. Multiple sources of data were used to calibrate the model for a three-county catchment area of central Connecticut. We feature a core module of the model for the purpose of illustrating its utility in understanding the dynamics of treatment as prevention at the community level. We also describe the methods used to validate the model and support its underlying assumptions to improve confidence in its use by stakeholders for systems understanding and decision making. The model's generalizability and implications of using it for future community-driven strategic planning and implementation efforts are discussed.

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Complexity and Dynamism from an Urban Health Perspective: a Rationale for a System Dynamics Approach

Cited by 27 publications

References 59 publications

Stress in the City: Influence of Urban Social Stress and Violence on Pregnancy and Postpartum Quality of Life among Adolescent and Young Mothers

Stress in the City: Influence of Urban Social Stress and Violence on Pregnancy and Postpartum Quality of Life among Adolescent and Young Mothers

The Tsinghua–Lancet Commission on Healthy Cities in China: unlocking the power of cities for a healthy China

Simulating system dynamics of the HIV care continuum to achieve treatment as prevention

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