Complexity of dopamine metabolism

Meiser, Johannes; Weindl, Daniel; Hiller, Karsten

doi:10.1186/1478-811x-11-34

Cited by 534 publications

(450 citation statements)

References 220 publications

(264 reference statements)

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“…While O&NS can influence levels of these neurotransmitters, these neurotransmitters have antioxidative and free radical scavenging properties (Yen and Hsieh 1997). Dopamine can also be easily oxidised into the metabolite dopamine quinone, which is highly reactive and can contribute to oxidative stress (Meiser et al 2013;Miyazaki and Asanuma 2008).…”

Section: How Oandns and Inflammation Might Influence Biological Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in ADHD: possible causes and the potential of antioxidant-targeted therapies

Lopresti

2015

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a complex etiology although theories associated with disturbances in dopaminergic and noradrenergic activity are most commonly cited.The importance of these catecholamines in ADHD is supported by its effective treatment utilising stimulant and non-stimulant medications that modify their activity. Recently there has been interest in oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS) in ADHD and its potential to contribute to this condition. In this article, research investigating O&NS in ADHD is reviewed and its impact on catecholaminergic activity and neurological structure is discussed. Lifestyle, environmental, ADHD is most commonly treated with stimulant medications such as methylphenidate and amphetamines, non-stimulants such as atomoxetine, and alpha2-adrenergic agonists such as clonidine and guanfacine. Through their effects on dopamine and noradrenaline transporters, stimulants inhibit the reuptake of dopamine and noradrenaline, thereby increasing the extracellular levels of these neurotransmitters. These stimulants also inhibit monoamine oxidase, the enzyme that metabolises these catecholamines (Wilens et al. 2011). Atomoxetine works as a selective reuptake inhibitor of noradrenaline leading to its increased extracellular concentration (Garnock- Jones and Keating 2009).While effective, these medications are associated with several adverse effects. These include loss of appetite, growth delay and sleep disturbances (Cortese et al. 2013). It is important to note that despite their widely accepted short-term efficacy, the long-term effectiveness of pharmacological treatments on social, educational and occupational functioning in people with ADHD continues to be debated (Huang and Tsai 2011;Langberg and Becker 2012;Nijmeijer et al. 2008). On a positive note, recent analyses using the Swedish national registrar suggests that long-term stimulant use in people with ADHD is associated with reduced rates of substance use, criminality, and serious traffic accidents (Chang et al. 2014a;Chang et al. 2014b;Lichtenstein et al. 2012).Despite wide appreciation of catecholaminergic theories associated with ADHD, there has been increased research into other biological mechanisms associated with ADHD. For example, in psychiatry there has been interest in immune-inflammatory pathways and oxidative and nitrosative stress (O&NS). In particular, it has been confirmed through recent meta-analyses that depression is Increased O&NS has also been found in bipolar disorder (Andreazza et al. 2008;Brown et al. 2014),

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Section: How Oandns and Inflammation Might Influence Biological Pathwaymentioning

confidence: 99%

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in ADHD: possible causes and the potential of antioxidant-targeted therapies

Lopresti

2015

ADHD Atten Def Hyp Disord

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“…With oxygen as the electron acceptor, these reactions generate ROS, such as O 2 ¡ , and radical semiquinones and quinones during metabolism into the pigment. 1,9,11,12,18,19 Some research has shown that the toxicity of dopamine, in both animal and plant cells, is related to the synthesis of melanin and it is ROS dependent. 20,21 Overall, ROS can attack cellular components, denaturing and inhibiting proteins, causing damage to DNA and membranes, blocking the absorption of nutrients and preventing root growth.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The effects of dopamine on antioxidant enzymes activities and reactive oxygen species levels in soybean roots

Gomes

Siqueira-Soares

Santos

et al. 2014

Plant Signaling & Behavior

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In the current work, we investigated the effects of dopamine, an neurotransmitter found in several plant species on antioxidant enzyme activities and ROS in soybean (Glycine max L. Merrill) roots. The effects of dopamine on SOD, CAT and POD activities, as well as H 2 O 2 , O 2 ¡ , melanin contents and lipid peroxidation were evaluated. Three-day-old seedlings were cultivated in half-strength Hoagland nutrient solution (pH 6.0), without or with 0.1 to 1.0 mM dopamine, in a growth chamber (25 C, 12 h photoperiod, irradiance of 280 mmol m ¡2 s ¡1) for 24 h. Significant increases in melanin content were observed. The levels of ROS and lipid peroxidation decreased at all concentrations of dopamine tested. The SOD activity increased significantly under the action of dopamine, while CT activity was inhibited and POD activity was unaffected. The results suggest a close relationship between a possible antioxidant activity of dopamine and melanin and activation of SOD, reducing the levels of ROS and damage on membranes of soybean roots.

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“…Methylation reactions and associated one-carbon metabolism are important for many anabolic processes as well as for detoxification of many xenobiotics and inactivation of endogenous substances such as catecholamines [42]. The methyl groups are derived directly or indirectly from methyltetrahydrofolate.…”

Section: Tracing Functional Groupsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Non-targeted Tracer Fate Detection

Weindl¹,

Wegner²,

Hiller³

2015

Methods in Enzymology

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Stable isotopes have been used to trace atoms through metabolism and quantify metabolic fluxes for several decades. Only recently non-targeted stable isotope labeling approaches have emerged as a powerful tool to gain biological insights into metabolism. However, the manual detection of isotopic enrichment for a non-targeted analysis is tedious and time consuming. To overcome this limitation, the non-targeted tracer fate detection (NTFD) algorithm for the automated metabolome-wide detection of isotopic enrichment has been developed. NTFD detects and quantifies isotopic enrichment in the form of mass isotopomer distributions (MIDs) in an automated manner, providing the means to trace functional groups, determine MIDs for metabolic flux analysis, or detect tracer-derived molecules in general. Here, we describe the algorithmic background of NTFD, discuss practical considerations for the freely available NTFD software package, and present potential applications of non-targeted stable isotope labeling analysis.

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Complexity of dopamine metabolism

Cited by 534 publications

References 220 publications

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in ADHD: possible causes and the potential of antioxidant-targeted therapies

Oxidative and nitrosative stress in ADHD: possible causes and the potential of antioxidant-targeted therapies

The effects of dopamine on antioxidant enzymes activities and reactive oxygen species levels in soybean roots

Non-targeted Tracer Fate Detection

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