Complications of Odontogenic and Non-odontogenic Infections

Chigurupati, Radhika; Shemkus, Michael

doi:10.1007/978-3-030-40150-4_5

Cited by 3 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 135 publications

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“…Despite IV antibiotic therapy and surgical management, odontogenic infections may promptly spread to deep spaces of the head and neck. Serious complications can then arise and be life-threatening, such as critical airway obstructions, downward mediastinitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis or septic shock [5][6][7][8]. Inpatient mortality was estimated to be between 0.01% to 0.2%, associated with advanced age of the patient, the presence of comorbid factors such as diabetes, and delayed surgical treatment [1,4,8].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Serious complications can then arise and be life-threatening, such as critical airway obstructions, downward mediastinitis, cavernous sinus thrombosis or septic shock [5][6][7][8]. Inpatient mortality was estimated to be between 0.01% to 0.2%, associated with advanced age of the patient, the presence of comorbid factors such as diabetes, and delayed surgical treatment [1,4,8]. Therefore, a critical step in management of these potentially fatal Diagnostics 2021, 11, 2045 2 of 13 infections is the recognition of the source of infection, the various clinical presentations of the infection (abscess, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis), and the accuracy with which the number of fascial spaces involved is determined [4,[7][8][9][10].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Inpatient mortality was estimated to be between 0.01% to 0.2%, associated with advanced age of the patient, the presence of comorbid factors such as diabetes, and delayed surgical treatment [1,4,8]. Therefore, a critical step in management of these potentially fatal Diagnostics 2021, 11, 2045 2 of 13 infections is the recognition of the source of infection, the various clinical presentations of the infection (abscess, cellulitis, and necrotizing fasciitis), and the accuracy with which the number of fascial spaces involved is determined [4,[7][8][9][10]. Early extraction of the offending tooth and drainage during the acute phase of facial cellulitis have been shown that reduce the need for more invasive surgical procedures and possible hospitalization, which are major drivers of healthcare costs [4,5,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Indeed, palpation of the skin is often painful, and is sometimes not possible, e.g., with children. In addition, the extent of the infection can be misjudged, with fluctuations of purulent accumulation sometimes being masked or even absent, especially following the administration of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs or empiric antibiotic therapy without associated dental intervention, or in obese patients [8,13]. Previous studies have found that clinical examination was able to identify a drainable collection in 33% to 76% of cases [7,9].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Previous studies have found that clinical examination was able to identify a drainable collection in 33% to 76% of cases [7,9]. Ultrasonography (USG) [14] or computed tomography (CT) scan [8,12] are therefore useful in identifying purulent accumulation. However, these medical imaging techniques are not always available at the first presentation of the patient in the emergency ward.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical Infrared Thermography in Odontogenic Facial Cellulitis as a Clinical Decision Support Tool. A Technical Note

et al. 2021

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Background: Odontogenic cellulitis are frequent infections of the head and neck fascial spaces that can sometimes spread and be life-threatening, requiring urgent hospitalization. Early diagnosis of facial cellulitis with diffuse inflammatory process is crucial in patient management but not always obvious in the field. Medical infrared thermography (MIT) is a noninvasive tool increasingly used to evaluate skin temperature maps and delineate inflammatory lesions. Objective: The aim of this work was to evaluate the use of MIT to improve the clinical examination of patients with facial cellulitis. Methods: Image processing work was carried out to highlight the thermal gradient resulting from inflammation linked to infection, in 2 patients with facial cellulitis. Results: In real-time, MIT allowed to precisely locate the inflammatory focus linked to cellulitis with no propagation to danger areas such as infraorbital space or around pharyngeal axis. Conclusion: Here, we show the first cases using MIT as a powerful complementary tool in the clinical evaluation of patients with facial cellulitis. Significance: This technology could help optimize the hospitalization decision through a facilitated assessment of infection spread in head and neck tissues and helping to incision for drainage.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Medical Infrared Thermography in Odontogenic Facial Cellulitis as a Clinical Decision Support Tool. A Technical Note

et al. 2021

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Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Are Leading the Way to Combat Oropathogenic Infections

Lin

Handley

et al. 2021

ACS Infect. Dis.

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Oral dental infections are one of the most common diseases affecting humans, with caries and periodontal disease having the highest incidence. Caries and periodontal disease arise from infections caused by oral bacterial pathogens. Current misuse and overuse of antibiotic treatments have led to the development of antimicrobial resistance. However, recent studies have shown that cationic antimicrobial peptides are a promising family of antibacterial agents that are active against oral pathogenic bacteria and also possess less propensity for development of antimicrobial resistance. This timely Review has a focus on two primary subjects: (i) the oral bacterial pathogens associated with dental infections and (ii) the current development of antimicrobial peptides targeting oral pathogens.

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Streptococcus angriness isolated from Patients with Acute Infection following Surgical Tooth Extraction

Faez Ahmed,

A. Bunyan

2023

Qad Med J

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In this study, 250 individuals with acute infection following surgical tooth extraction were treated at a Hilla dental clinic and cultivated at 37°C for 18–24 hours. They cultured on several selective medium at 37°C for 18–24 hours. Identification of Streptococcus anginosus was based on colonial morphology, microscopically, and biochemical tests, and all scientific specimens were successful cultures. Of 250 specimens, only 25(10%) were biochemically identified as Strep. anginosus, while 225(90%) were associated with other microorganisms. Hemolysin-producing Strep. anginosus isolates have been studied. 10(66.66%) isolates produced hemolysin in blood agar that formed a clearance sector around the colonies and a streak on the plate after 24 hours of incubation at 37°C. Strep. anginosus isolates were also tested for siderophores production, 5(33.33%) Strep. anginosus isolates produce siderophores. All bacterial isolates provide protease to hydrolyze protein. After 24 hours of incubation, all Strep. anginosus isolates were able to hydrolyze protein using protease enzyme (100%) when tested using M9 (supported by 20% glucose and 1% csaien). Adding 3ml of 5% Trichloroacetic acid gave the colony a clean hallo. Quantitative biofilm development tests were performed in a microtiter using Trypticase Soy Broth with 1% glucose. To improve accuracy, this assay was done three times. All Strep. anginosus isolates were biofilm former (100%), 12/15(80%) were strong biofilm formers, and 3/15 (20%) were mild biofilm formers. However, the antibiotic disc diffusion test using six clinically important antibiotics showed that most Strep. anginosus isolates were extremely resistant to the antibiotics, especially the ?-lactams, including Amoxicillin 13(86.6%), Cefixime 12(80%), Ceftriaxone 12(80%), Meropenem, 11(73.33%) Cefotaxime 10(66.66%), and Imipenem 9(60%).

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Complications of Odontogenic and Non-odontogenic Infections

Cited by 3 publications

References 135 publications

Medical Infrared Thermography in Odontogenic Facial Cellulitis as a Clinical Decision Support Tool. A Technical Note

Medical Infrared Thermography in Odontogenic Facial Cellulitis as a Clinical Decision Support Tool. A Technical Note

Cationic Antimicrobial Peptides Are Leading the Way to Combat Oropathogenic Infections

Streptococcus angriness isolated from Patients with Acute Infection following Surgical Tooth Extraction

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