Components of Accommodation

Heath, Gordon G.

doi:10.1097/00006324-195611000-00001

Cited by 120 publications

(53 citation statements)

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“…The aggregate accommodative response has contributions from blur-driven (reflex) accommodation, vergence accommodation, proximal accommodation and tonic accommodation (Heath, 1956). Vergence and accommodation are tightly coupled by means of two neural cross-links to enhance the accuracy of the response through mutual contribution.…”

Section: Interaction Between Vergence and Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vergence Adaptation and Positive Fusional Vergence Training on Oculomotor Parameters

Thiagarajan

Lakshminarayanan²,

Bobier³

2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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Section: Interaction Between Vergence and Accommodationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Vergence Adaptation and Positive Fusional Vergence Training on Oculomotor Parameters

Thiagarajan

Lakshminarayanan²,

Bobier³

2010

Optometry and Vision Science

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“…There are four components of accommodation [1][2]. Blur-driven, or reflex, accommodation likely provides a large contribution to the overall accommodative response.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Accommodation in mild traumatic brain injury

Green

Ciuffreda²,

Thiagarajan³

et al. 2010

JRRD

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Abstract-Accommodative dysfunction in individuals with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) can have a negative impact on quality of life, functional abilities, and rehabilitative progress. In this study, we used a range of dynamic and static objective laboratory and clinical measurements of accommodation to assess 12 adult patients (ages 18-40 years) with mTBI. The results were compared with either 10 control subjects with no visual impairment or normative literature values where available. Regarding the dynamic parameters, responses in those with mTBI were slowed and exhibited fatigue effects. With respect to static parameters, reduced accommodative amplitude and abnormal accommodative interactions were found in those with mTBI. These results provide further evidence for the substantial impact of mTBI on accommodative function. These findings suggest that a range of accommodative tests should be included in the comprehensive vision examination of individuals with mTBI.

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“…As the eyes converge to view a near object the 'near reflex' occurs; the pupil constricts and the ciliary muscles contract, increasing the power of the lens and bringing near objects into focus. [1][2][3] Other contributors to the accommodative response include defocus and disparity detection processes. 3 Accommodation matures relatively early in infants with normal vision.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…[1][2][3] Other contributors to the accommodative response include defocus and disparity detection processes. 3 Accommodation matures relatively early in infants with normal vision. 2,[4][5][6][7] In the early postnatal months, most infants' accommodation is inconsistent and inaccurate.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Clinical judgement of near pupil responses provides a useful indicator of focusing ability in children with cerebral palsy

Saunders

McClelland

Richardson

et al. 2007

Develop Med Child Neuro

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Accommodation is often reduced in cerebral palsy (CP). Knowledge about accommodative facility is valuable when investigating a child's visual needs and developing strategies for education. With normal accommodation, changing focus from distance to near results in pupil constriction. We compared quality of near pupil responses (NPR) with objective measures of accommodative function obtained with dynamic retinoscopy (DR) to investigate the utility of NPR in indicating accommodative facility. NPR and accommodative function of 90 children with CP (56 males, 34 females; median age 11y, range 4-18y) were assessed. A total of 93% of participants had spastic CP (71.3% bilateral involvement, 28.7% hemiplegia). The severity of motor impairment ranged from very mild (n=7) to severe (no independent walking, n=28). NPR was classified subjectively as normal, reduced, or absent and compared with DR measures of accommodative response. A total of 9.8% of pupil responses were judged absent, 25.6% reduced, and 64.6% normal. Participants with reduced or absent pupil responses demonstrated significantly poorer levels of accommodation with DR (one-way analysis of variance p<0.01). Sensitivity and specificity of NPR in identifying participants with reduced accommodation were 83% (95% confidence interval [CI] 65.5-92.4%) and 72% (95% CI 58.4-82.0%) respectively. NPR provides a rapid, useful indicator of accommodative function in children with CP.

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Components of Accommodation

Cited by 120 publications

References 0 publications

Effect of Vergence Adaptation and Positive Fusional Vergence Training on Oculomotor Parameters

Effect of Vergence Adaptation and Positive Fusional Vergence Training on Oculomotor Parameters

Accommodation in mild traumatic brain injury

Clinical judgement of near pupil responses provides a useful indicator of focusing ability in children with cerebral palsy

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