Components of the aerial part of Peganum harmala

Abstract

The genus Peganum (Peganaceae) is represented in the flora of the CIS by the two species P. harmala L. (wild rue) and P. nigellastrum Bge. This genus is broadly represented by wild rue in Kazakhstan [1][2][3]. Various parts of the plant are used in folk medicine to treat several illnesses [4]. Researchers from various countries have been studying the chemical composition of this plant since 1841 because of its therapeutic importance [5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Mainly the alkaloid composition is studied. Herein we report experimental results from a study of the component composition of the petroleum-ether extract of the aerial part of wild rue.Extraction with petroleum ether of the air-dried aerial part of P. harmala collected near Karaganda during floweringfruiting produced the total extracted substances (0.96%, 7.0 g).Extract (1 g) was dissolved in diethylether (15 mL) and left overnight in a refrigerator. The resulting precipitate was filtered off and washed with cold (-20°C) ether to produce a substance (0.22 g) that was a mixture of alkaloids (by PMR, mainly peganine and vasicinone). The mother liquor was evaporated. The residue was separated by the standard method [boiled for 10 min in KOH solution (10%) in MeOH. MeOH was evaporated, and the residue was separated between CHCl 3 and H 2 O] into acidic and neutral parts. The acidic part (0.3 g) was methylated and analyzed using GC-MS. The neutral part was evaporated (0.45 g), dissolved in CHCl 3 (10 mL), passed over a silica-gel column (5 g), and eluted with CHCl 3 (20 mL). The combined effluents were evaporated to afford an oil (0.4 g) that was analyzed by GC-MS.GC-MS was performed on a Hewlett-Packard 5890/II MSD gas chromatograph with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (HP MSD 5971) as a detector, a quartz column (30-m, HP-5 MS, copolymer 5%-diphenyl-95%-dimethylenesiloxane) with internal diameter 0.25 mm and thick layer of stationary phase (0.25 µm), temperature 50-280°C, heating rate 4°C/min, 280°C temperature change over 15 min. The percent composition of the components was calculated from peak areas in the plots using correction coefficients. The qualitative analysis was based on comparison of retention times and full mass spectra with those of pure compounds and a library of mass spectrometric data Wiley 275 (275,000 mass spectra) and catalogs [14, 15].Melting points were determined on a Boetius instrument. IR spectra were recorded on a Vektor 22 spectrometer in KBr disks. Table 1 gives the contents of fatty acids and high-molecular-weight alcohols from P. harmala. The results showed that the acidic part contained a significant amount of high-molecular-weight (C 28 -C 30 ) and a few unsaturated acids (principal ones linoleic and linolenic). The principal fatty acids of P. harmala were hexadecanoic (palmitic), octacosanoic, nonacosanoic, and triacontanoic (melissic).The components of the neutral part were high-molecular-weight alcohols (32.183% of the neutral part mass) C 26 H 53 OH, mp 84-85°C (0.053% yield) and C 29 H 59 OH, mp 79-81°C (0.065% yield ...

GC–MS analysis of chemical constituents and determination of the total antioxidant capacity of adult powder of Periplaneta americana

“…1-Hentetracontanol, alcohols, were found in a large number of studies on phytoconstituents. For example Agedilova et al (2006) found that the aerial part of Peganum harmala, an important ethnic Chinese medicine, contained 1-Hentetracontanol. The volatile oil of hawthorn leaves has antiproliferative and apoptosis-inducing effects, and Yang et al (2015a) found the presence of 1-Hentetracontanol when their components were analyzed.…”

Acute and Sub-acute Toxic Effects of Algerian Peganum harmala L. Crud Extract

“…Many studies reported that a wide spectrum of beneficial and toxicological effects of P. harmala is attributed to the presence of many bioactive compounds: fixed oils [13,14] saponins [15], polyphenols [8] and alkaloids which are the major compound with up of 10% of the total seeds dry weight. These alkaloids are mainly comprised of β-carboline and quinazoline derivatives, including Harman, Harmine, Harmaline [16], Peganine and Desoxypeganine [17,18].…”

Pharmacological studies of Syrian rue (Peganum harmala L., Zygophyllaceae)

“…The chemical composition of P. harmala has been investigated since the 1970s [2,11]. Macro-and microelements content which can have a direct impact on pharmacological activities of medicinal plants [12], are also a key to understand many diseases [3].…”