Components of TOR and MAP kinase signaling control chemotropism and pathogenicity in the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae

Vangalis, Vasileios; Markakis, Emmanouil A.; Knop, Michael; Pietro, Antonio Di; Typas, Milton A.

doi:10.1016/j.micres.2023.127361

Cited by 10 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 60 publications

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“…Similar to findings regarding class III peroxidases, the biosynthesis of several deterpenoids is inducible by plant pathogens as well as defense-related phytohormons jasmonic acid and ethylene 45-48 . Our results show that diterpenoid and MRE perception in C. graminicola is routed by the a-pheromone receptor Ste3, indicating a certain level of conservation in the sensing of host-secreted molecules despite the different chemical properties of the attractants 15-17 . However, and in contrast to Fusarium and Verticillum species, the absence of the α-pheromone receptor Ste2 36 seems not to hamper the perception of maize root secreted signals, indicating differences in the perception process despite their similarities.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

“…As many studies reported, spores of plant pathogenic fungi are adapted to germinate in the presence of an adequate host and to direct their growth towards its roots 8,15,17,37,38 . Maize seeds were disseminated in oval conidia-enriched soil of the C. graminicola wildtype strain CgM2 to mimic this natural infection situation under laboratory conditions (Figure 3).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Prominent examples of such antimicrobial compounds are class III peroxidases secreted from plant roots, taking part in reactive oxygen species defense pathways [41][42][43] . However, several pathogenic fungi are able to sense those peroxidases and -instead of harming or chasing away -these enzymes are guiding the pathogens towards nearby (host) plants by an elaborated amplification and sensing system involving fungal NADPH oxidase and pheromone receptors [15][16][17]31 . In this present study, we describe for the first time the ability of C. graminicola oval conidia to sense root exudates of maize, provoking a robust chemotropic response.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Intriguingly, germlings derived from ΔCgste3 oval conidia are unable to re-direct their growth to MRE and DHT (Figure 3 a), providing evidence that this receptor is required for the sensing of diterpenoid plant signals by C. graminicola. As many studies reported, spores of plant pathogenic fungi are adapted to germinate in the presence of an adequate host and to direct their growth towards its roots 8,15,17,37,38 . Maize seeds were disseminated in oval conidia-enriched soil of the C. graminicola wildtype strain CgM2 to mimic this natural infection situation under laboratory conditions (Figure 3).…”

Section: The Cgste3 A-pheromone Receptor Is Responsible For Diterpeno...mentioning

confidence: 99%

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Maize diterpenoid sensing via Ste3 a-pheromone receptor and rapid germination ofColletotrichum graminicolaoval conidia facilitating root infection

Rudolph,

Schunke,

Sasse

et al. 2024

Preprint

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Most plant pathogenic microorganisms have evolved to infect distinct host tissues. The maize anthracnose fungus, Colletotrichum graminicola, is known for its ability to invade above-ground tissues with asexual falcate conidia. Besides, C. graminicola generates a second asexual spore type, oval conidia. We analyzed in this study specific adaptations making oval or falcate conidia prone for maize root infection, providing evidence that only oval conidia show characteristics of a root pathogen. This includes the ability to germinate in soil and to grow chemotropically toward root-secreted molecules. HPLC/MS analyses combined with biological assays revealed that diterpenoids like dihydrotanshinone I are most likely responsible for the chemical attraction of C. graminicola. A genetics approach identified the a-pheromone receptor CgSte3 as being responsible for the perception of diterpenoids by the fungal pathogen. In conclusion, the understanding of the maize anthracnose disease has to be expanded to include an elaborated root infection cycle by oval conidia.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 77%

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: The Cgste3 A-pheromone Receptor Is Responsible For Diterpeno...mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Maize diterpenoid sensing via Ste3 a-pheromone receptor and rapid germination ofColletotrichum graminicolaoval conidia facilitating root infection

Rudolph,

Schunke,

Sasse

et al. 2024

Preprint

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“…The intricate interplay between TOR and MAPK signaling pathways in fungi orchestrates cellular responses to environmental stresses, including cell wall integrity (CWI) stress and hyperosmotic conditions [42, 43, 100]. MoLst8, a central component of the TOR complex, influencing fungal growth, development, and pathogenicity.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

MoLst8 regulates autophagy and lipid homeostasis inMagnaporthe oryzae

Cao,

Li,

Bao

et al. 2024

Preprint

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TOR, a widely conserved eukaryotic protein kinase, forms TORC1 and TORC2 to regulate diverse cell signaling. TORC1 controls protein synthesis, cell cycle, and autophagy, whereas TORC2 manages cell polarity, cytoskeleton, and membrane structure. Our previous research found that MoVast2, along with MoVast1, regulates TOR in rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, maintaining lipid and autophagy balance. Lst8, a key TOR complex component in yeast and mammalian cells. However, the precise role of MoLst8 in M. oryzae is still unclear. In this study, we obtained the DeltaMolst8 mutant through high-through gene knockout strategies. The results showed that loss of MoLST8 leading to a series of defects, such as growth and sporulation reduction, abnormal conidia, and loss of virulence. In addition, this mutant is highly sensitive to rapamycin, leading to growth arrest and autophagy impairment, indicated that MoLst8 positively regulates TORC1 for cellular growth, metabolism, and autophagy. Lipidomics analysis in the mutant revealed lipid metabolism dysregulation, sphingolipid reduction, disrupting membrane tension and homeostasis, suggested that TORC2 mediated lipid regulation is disordered in DeltaMolst8 mutant. Additionally, the study explored TOR-MAPK crosstalk, finding that the mutant shows heightened cell wall stress sensitivity but fails to restore integrity despite MAPK activation. These findings offer insights into MoLst8's role in fungal pathogenesis, contributing to an understanding of fungal biology and disease control strategies.

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The Unknown within the Known: Nucleolus, Understudied Compartment in the Filamentous Fungi

Lee,

Dubey,

Jeon

2024

Mycobiology

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Nucleolus is the most conspicuous sub-nuclear compartment that is well known as the site of RNA polymerase I-mediated rDNA transcription and assembly of ribosome subunits in eukaryotes. Recent studies on mammalian cells suggest that functions of nucleolus are not limited to ribosome biogenesis, and that nucleolus is involved in a diverse array of nuclear and cellular processes such as DNA repair, stress responses, and protein sequestration. In fungi, knowledge of nucleolus and its functions was primarily gleaned from the budding yeast. However, little is known about nucleolus of the filamentous fungi. Considering that the filamentous fungi are multi-cellular eukaryotes and thus distinct from the yeast in many aspects, researches on nucleoli of filamentous fungi would have the potential to uncover the evolution of nucleolus and its roles in the diverse cellular processes. Here we provide a brief up-to-date overview of nucleolus in general, and evidence suggesting their roles in fungal physiology and development.

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Components of TOR and MAP kinase signaling control chemotropism and pathogenicity in the fungal pathogen Verticillium dahliae

Cited by 10 publications

References 60 publications

Maize diterpenoid sensing via Ste3 a-pheromone receptor and rapid germination ofColletotrichum graminicolaoval conidia facilitating root infection

Maize diterpenoid sensing via Ste3 a-pheromone receptor and rapid germination ofColletotrichum graminicolaoval conidia facilitating root infection

MoLst8 regulates autophagy and lipid homeostasis inMagnaporthe oryzae

The Unknown within the Known: Nucleolus, Understudied Compartment in the Filamentous Fungi

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