Composición Bioactiva De Hojas De Café Durante Un Ciclo Anual

Abstract

Al ser el principal órgano de captación de la luz en el proceso de la fotosíntesis, las hojas de café (Coffea arabica) tienen un rol importante en el desarrollo del cultivo, y a través de su análisis químico es posible conocer el funcionamiento de la planta. A la fecha se conoce poco acerca de la composición química de las hojas de café, y no se sabe si son aptas para la extracción de cafeína y ácidos clorogénicos con fines de uso nutracéutico. Enel presente estudio se analizó la concentración de cafeína, ácido clorogénico (5-CQA), macro y micronutrimentos, azúcares reductores, clorofila y área foliar en hojas de Coffea arabica var. Caturra Rojo con la finalidad de obtener un perfil detallado de las variaciones nutrimentales y anabolitos en diferentes etapas del ciclo anual del cultivo, tales como etapa vegetativa, floración y fructificación. En la floración se presentó la mayor área foliar, contenido de cafeína, ácido clorogénico, galactosa, fósforo, potasio, magnesio, nitrógeno, zinc y boro, mientras que en la fructificación sobresalió el contenido de arabinosa y xilosa. Las hojas de café, durante la floración, tienen mayor potencial para utilizarse con fines nutracéuticos.

Agro‐morphological characterization and diversity analysis of Coffea arabica germplasm collection from INIA, Peru

“…selection based on LRS variable would allow a substantial improvement in the LRI, PPD, LA, and WHF variables, since, when selecting accessions with traits of resistance or tolerance to coffee leaf rust would be expected a reduction in the percentage of damage, loss of leaves, greater foliar surface and an increase in the weight of the fruits. This would confirm that the leaf area is an influential factor during the flowering and fruiting stage of coffee, since it is responsible for exporting the carbohydrates necessary for the weight gain of the fruit and grain (Marín-Garza et al, 2018;Rennie & Turgeon, 2009). The results obtained agree with those reported by Merga et al (2019) who observed a positive correlation at the phenotypic and genotypic level between the incidence of coffee leaf rust with plant height and plagiotropic branch length.…”

FIELD PHYTOPROTECTION OF Coffea arabica MOTHER PLANTS, DISINFECTION AND CALLOGENESIS INDUCTION

“…In the first 45 days after flowering, there were no symptoms of disease in the growing leaflets, which is why explants were collected on day 30. During floral opening, the production and maturation of leaflets useful in in vitro tissue culture increased, coinciding with the findings of Marín et al (2018), who reported that FL-65 presented the highest leaf area values. In a coffee plantation adjacent to the study area, Arias-Pérez et al (2021) reported high rates of fungal contamination (60 %) during the fruiting season when field explants were collected.…”

“…The vigor expressed in the explants allowed them to withstand the stress of disinfection protocols, a response that may be reflected in their nutritional content. Marín et al (2018) reported that leaves in flowering coffee trees contain higher concentrations of nutrients and chlorogenic acid than leaves in other stages (3-CQA). Luján-Hidalgo et al (2020) reported that coffee plants increase the content of 3-CQA in the leaves in response to the fungus H. vastatrix, conferring them resistance, which means they would be using chlorogenic acids in response to phytopathogen attack.…”