Composite beam–columns with interlayer slip—Approximate analysis

Girhammar, Ulf Arne

doi:10.1016/j.ijmecsci.2008.09.003

Cited by 30 publications

(28 citation statements)

References 15 publications

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“…Introduced a right-handed orthogonal reference frame (x, y) with x parallel to the beam axis, supposed horizontal, and y directed upwards, the transversal displacement v(x) is positive if in the same direction of increasing y, the transversal load p(x) > 0 if directed downwards, while the bending moment M (x) is such that M ′′ (x) > 0 when v ′′ (x) > 0. Then, as shown in [6], v(x) has to satisfy the differential equation…”

Section: Newmark's Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective thickness of laminated glass beams: New expression via a variational approach

Galuppi

Royer-Carfagni

2012

Engineering Structures

166

134

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The performance of laminated glass, which consists of two or more glass plies bonded together by polymeric interlayers, depends upon shear coupling between the plies through the polymer. This is commonly considered by defining the effective thickness, i.e., the thickness of a monolithic beam with equivalent bending properties in terms of stress and deflection. General expressions have been proposed on the basis of simplified models by Newmark and Wölfel-Bennison, but they are either difficult to apply or inaccurate. Here, a variational approach to the problem is presented. By choosing appropriate shape functions for the laminated-beam deformation, minimization of the strain energy functional gives new expressions for the effective thickness under any constraint-and load-conditions, embracing the classical formulations as particular cases. Comparisons with numerical experiments confirm the better accuracy of the proposed approach with respect to the previous ones.Keywords: Structural glass, laminated glass, composite structures, bending strength, effective thickness, variational approach. IntroductionIn order to reduce the risk of catastrophic collapse of structures made of glass, the brittle material par excellence, an effective technique is to bond two or more glass plies with 1 2 L. Galuppi & G. Royer-Carfagni thermoplastic polymeric interlayers with a treatment in autoclave at high pressure and temperature. This bond is quite strong because it is chemical in type, being due to the union between hydroxyl groups along the polymer and silanol groups on the glass surface. The resulting laminated glass is a safety glass because, after breakage, the fragments remain attached to the interlayer: risk of injuries is reduced and the element maintains a certain consistency that prevents detachment from fixings. But the iterlayer affects also the pre glass-breakage response because it allows the transfer of shear stresses among glass plies, at the price of a relative sliding due to the deformation of the polymer. The assessment of the degree of connection offered by the polymer is crucial for the design of glass structures in the serviceability limit state and this is why a great number of studies, including this one, have considered the response of the composite laminated package before first cracking occurs.Indeed, the polymeric interlayers are too soft to present flexural stiffness per se, but they can provide shear stresses that play an important role for the glass-layer interaction [7]. In general, the degree of coupling of two glass layers depends upon the shear stiffness of the polymeric interlayer, as first mentioned by Hooper in 1973 [3] while studying the bending of simply supported laminated-glass beams. Since then, the problem has been considered by many authors [15], one of the most recent contribution being the careful finite element analysis of [14], which includes an updated list of the most relevant literature.In the pre glass-breakage modeling no distinction has to be made for what the type of ...

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Section: Newmark's Modelmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effective thickness of laminated glass beams: New expression via a variational approach

Galuppi

Royer-Carfagni

2012

Engineering Structures

166

134

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“…6. Girhammar and Gopu [18] derived an analytical solution for this beam by solving the governing differential equation and adopting linear elastic material behaviour.…”

Section: Analysis Of a Simply Supported Beam And Propped Cantilevermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Geometry, section details and material properties of the composite beam analysed by Girhammar and Gopu[18].…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

A steel-concrete composite beam element with material nonlinearities and partial shear interaction

Valipour

Bradford

2009

Finite Elements in Analysis and Design

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“…However, the reliability-based design approach for PSB structures, even for timber structures, are less advanced than for concrete and steel structures due to the ultimate state of PSB or timber structures have not yet to be well understood. Some studies associated with the nonlinear buckling analysis of wood or other fibrous columns had been reported in the recent years [12][13][14][15]. The loading-carry capacity analysis for eccentrically loaded wood or bamboo columns, however, were deficiently disused.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An ultimate-state-based-model for inelastic analysis of intermediate slenderness PSB columns under eccentrically compressive load

Huang

Bian

Huang

et al. 2015

Construction and Building Materials

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Composite beam–columns with interlayer slip—Approximate analysis

Cited by 30 publications

References 15 publications

Effective thickness of laminated glass beams: New expression via a variational approach

Effective thickness of laminated glass beams: New expression via a variational approach

A steel-concrete composite beam element with material nonlinearities and partial shear interaction

An ultimate-state-based-model for inelastic analysis of intermediate slenderness PSB columns under eccentrically compressive load

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