Composition and morphology of cuticular wax in blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruits

Chu, Wenjing; Gao, Haiyan; Cao, Shifeng; Fang, Xiangjun; Chen, Hangjun; Xiao, Shaobo

doi:10.1016/j.foodchem.2016.09.186

Cited by 109 publications

(100 citation statements)

References 35 publications

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“…In this work, C 29 alkane was the main component of surface wax in ‘Hongxiangsu’ pear, and similar results have been found in citrus, blueberry, apple and pear . In our results, β ‐amyrin, lupa‐13(18)22‐dien‐3‐ol acetate formed a high proportion of triterpenoids (Fig.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene on surface wax and related gene expression in cold‐stored ‘Hongxiangsu’ pears

2018

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BACKGROUND: Surface wax protects fruit from dehydration and pathogen erosion during storage. The surface wax of pears changes greatly during storage. In this work, the effect of ethylene action inhibitor 1-methylcyclopropene on wax accumulation and related gene expression in 'Hongxiangsu' pears during cold storage was investigated. RESULTS: The alkanes, alkenes, fatty acids, esters, aldehydes and triterpenoids on the fruit surface accumulated and peaked at day 180, but fatty alcohols decreased before day 90 and then increased in the control. Treatment with 1-MCP (1.0 L L −1 ) reduced surface wax at day 180 of storage. Compared with the control, the wax crystals became smaller in 1-MCP-treated fruit on days 90 and 270. The 1-MCP decreased the expression levels of ethylene synthesis, perception and signal genes ACS1, ACO1, ERS1, ETR2, ERF1 and wax-related genes (LACS1, LACS2, KCS2, KCS9, KCS20, FDH, CER6, CER10, LTPG1, LTP3, LTP4, ABCG11 and ABCG12). CONCLUSION: These results suggested that 1-MCP suppressed ethylene synthesis and signal-pathway and wax-related gene expression; it also reduced the wax and the size of crystals on the fruit surface in cold-stored 'Hongxiangsu' pears. /jsfa ± 176.77b 1277.69 ± 124.08c 3012.26 ± 534.27a 680.31 ± 109.6c 3549.66 ± 760.88a 1201.3 ± 94.57c 1136.8 ± 121.64c 794.82 ± 119.56c J Sci Food Agric 2019; 99: 2438-2446

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene on surface wax and related gene expression in cold‐stored ‘Hongxiangsu’ pears

2018

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“…In addition, there has been a growing trend in the use of blueberry extracts as ingredients in functional foods and dietary supplements (Dr o_ zd_ z et al, 2018). Blueberry fruit have thus become increasingly popular because of their high nutritional value and desirable flavor (Chu et al, 2017).…”

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confidence: 99%

High Temperatures during Flowering Reduce Fruit Set in Rabbiteye Blueberry

Yang¹,

Er²,

Fu³

et al. 2019

J. Amer. Soc. Hort. Sci.

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After nearly a decade of development, the scale of blueberry (Vaccinium sp.) cultivation has increased, particularly in south China; however, this region is becoming increasingly challenged by temperature changes during the flowering phenophase. Understanding the effects of temperature on pollen germination and pollen tube growth in blueberry is thus important. Using the rabbiteye blueberry (V. ashei) ‘Brightwell’, different temperature treatments were carried out during open pollination and cross-pollination with the pollen from rabbiteye blueberry ‘Gardenblue’ in field, greenhouse, and controlled temperature experiments over two consecutive years. The differences in pollen germination, pollen tube dynamics, and ovule viability following different treatments were analyzed, and the critical temperatures were calculated using quadratic and modified bilinear equations to quantify the developmental responses to temperature. The results showed that the fruit set of the artificially pollinated plants inside the greenhouse was significantly higher than that outside the greenhouse. Furthermore, pollen germination and pollen tube growth gradually accelerated under the appropriate high-temperature range, resulting in reduced pollen tube travel time to the ovule. However, the percentage of the style traversed by the pollen tube did not increase at temperatures greater than 30 °C, and a high-temperature range could accelerate ovule degeneration. Therefore, impairment of pollen tube growth in the upper half of the style following pollen germination and ovule degeneration constituted important factors leading to reduced fruit setting under short periods of high temperature during the flowering phenophase in rabbiteye blueberry. This work advances our understanding of the effect of temperature on pollen germination, pollen tube growth, ovule longevity, and fruit setting in rabbiteye blueberry, and provides a foundation for continued cultivation and breeding enhancement. The findings propose that the tolerance of rabbiteye blueberry to a certain high-temperature range in the flowering phenophase should inform breeding strategies for temperature resistance and that temperature range is also an important indicator of suitable environments for cultivation to mitigate potential temperature stress.

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“…Differences in membrane chemistry or the presence of heat-shock proteins could also lead to differences in heat tolerance among cultivars. For example, b-diketones, which are the second most abundant compounds in the wax layer of blueberries (Chu et al, 2017), have been associated with heat-tolerance in wheat (Zhang et al, 2015). Heat shock proteins are also present in blueberry (Shi et al, 2017) and have been linked to heat tolerance in strawberry (Brown et al, 2016).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical Temperatures and Heating Times for Fruit Damage in Northern Highbush Blueberry

Yang¹,

Bryla²,

Strik³

2019

horts

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Over-canopy sprinkler systems are used to cool northern highbush blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum L.) fields and maintain fruit quality in the northwestern United States, but more information is needed to determine exactly when cooling is needed. The objective of this study was to identify the critical temperatures for heat damage to berries and for effective evaporative cooling. An initial study conducted in western Oregon in a mature planting of late-season ‘Elliott’ blueberry revealed that heat damage was typically observed within 1 to 3 days after an extreme heat event. Fruit damage, including softening, shriveling, and necrosis, occurred during both green and blue stages of development and was found primarily on sun-exposed berries, which on hot, sunny days (>35 °C) were 7 to 11 °C warmer than the ambient air temperature. A subsequent study was conducted to determine whether the critical temperature for heat damage differed between the green and blue fruit stages. In this case, ‘Aurora’ was compared with ‘Elliott’ blueberry. Berries were heated using a chamber-free convective unit and were exposed for up to 4 hours to berry temperatures of 42, 44, 46, and 48 °C. When the berries were green, significant damage was visible at each temperature within 1.5 to 2 hours in ‘Aurora’ and 3 to 3.5 hours in ‘Elliott’. Damage of green berries increased with time and temperature, and after 4 hours, ranged from 17% to 59% of the total berry number in the cluster in ‘Aurora’ and 10% to 24% in ‘Elliott’. Fruit damage at the blue stage was less than at the green stage and was only significant at 46 and 48 °C (within 3.5 to 2 hours, respectively) in ‘Aurora’ and at 48 °C (within 2 hours) in ‘Elliott’. Wax and cutin layers thickened on the berries as they progressed from green to blue, which perhaps increased their tolerance to heat at later stages of development. Based on these results, northern highbush blueberry fields should be cooled at air temperatures >32 °C during the green stages of fruit development and >35 °C during ripening.

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Composition and morphology of cuticular wax in blueberry (Vaccinium spp.) fruits

Cited by 109 publications

References 35 publications

Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene on surface wax and related gene expression in cold‐stored ‘Hongxiangsu’ pears

Effects of 1‐methylcyclopropene on surface wax and related gene expression in cold‐stored ‘Hongxiangsu’ pears

High Temperatures during Flowering Reduce Fruit Set in Rabbiteye Blueberry

Critical Temperatures and Heating Times for Fruit Damage in Northern Highbush Blueberry

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