Composition and occurrence of aflatoxin M₁ in cow's milk samples from Razavi Khorasan Province, Iran

Abstract

The composition and occurrence of aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) were investigated in 60 samples of cow's raw milk samples from Razavi Khorasan Province of Iran. Only percentages of milk samples protein, lactose and total solids in samples collected during summer were slightly lower than the Iranian reference values. Compared with summer samples, higher percentages of milk samples components were observed in the winter. The overall mean AFM1 level was 61 ± 8 ng/L, with 24 samples (40%) showing concentrations above the maximum permitted level established in Iran (50 ng/L). Control measures are urgently needed to avoid aflatoxin in milk samples produced in Razavi Khorasan Province.

Development and validation of a lateral flow immunoassay for the detection of aflatoxin M1 in raw and commercialised milks

“…The highest AFM1 concentration reported by this study was 0.114 µg/L, and the mean concentration of AFM1 in milk samples collected during winter was significantly higher than that of samples collected during the rainy season and summer. The higher prevalence of AFM1 in winter was also found in milk samples collected in the West (Ahmadi 2020) and North East of Iran (Hajmohammadi et al 2020). This pattern may be related to rainfall and humidity of the previous raining season, which are viable conditions for fungal growth (Ahmadi 2020).…”

“…The higher prevalence of AFM1 in winter was also found in milk samples collected in the West (Ahmadi 2020) and North East of Iran (Hajmohammadi et al . 2020). This pattern may be related to rainfall and humidity of the previous raining season, which are viable conditions for fungal growth (Ahmadi 2020).…”

Seasonal variations in some quality parameters of milk produced in Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran

“…During the winter and summer of year 2018, 60 random milk samples (500 mL) were collected from raw bulk milk tanks in five collective centers in the region of Mashhad city, Khorasan Razavi Province of Iran. The main characteristics of the collective centers and their respective dairy herds are described elsewhere (Hajmohammadi et al, 2020). Briefly, each collective center received the raw milk from 15 -30 dairy farms (mean milk production: 5,000 -10,000 L/day), and the majority of dairy herds were pure or half-breed Holstein Friesian dairy cattle.…”

Use of scanning electron microscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography to assess the ability of microorganisms to bind aflatoxin M1 in Minas Frescal cheese

“…Aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) is toxic, carcinogenic, teratogenic and/or mutagenic easily found as a contaminant in animal diet. Feeding dairy cows with fodder or any contaminated ingredient of the animal diet with AFB 1 results in the metabolic conversion of AFB 1 to aflatoxin M 1 (AFM 1 ), which is excreted in milk, in addition, it will be presented in the final product due to heat treatment resistance (Öztürk Yilmaz & Altinci, 2019;Hajmohammadi et al, 2020;Min et al, 2020;Park et al, 2020).…”