Composition and phase dependence of the intrinsic and extrinsic piezoelectric activity of domain engineered (1−x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3−xPbTiO3 crystals

Abstract

The piezoelectric response of ͓001͔ poled domain engineered ͑1−x͒Pb͑Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 ͒O 3 − xPbTiO 3 ͑PMN-PT͒ crystals was investigated as a function of composition and phase using Rayleigh analysis. The results revealed that the intrinsic ͑reversible͒ contribution plays a dominant role in the high piezoelectric activity for PMN-PT crystals. The intrinsic piezoelectric response of the monoclinic ͑M C ͒ PMN− xPT crystals, 0.31Յ x Յ 0.35, exhibited peak values for compositions close to R-M C and M C -T phase boundaries, however, being less than 2000 pC/N. In the rhombohedral phase region, x Յ 0.30, the intrinsic piezoelectric response was found to increase as the composition approached the rhombohedral-monoclinic ͑R-M C ͒ phase boundary. The maximum piezoelectric response was observed in rhombohedral PMN-0.30PT crystals, being on the order of 2500 pC/N. This ultrahigh piezoelectric response was determined to be related to the high shear piezoelectric activity of single domain state, corresponding to an ease in polarization rotation, for compositions close to a morphotropic phase boundary ͑MPB͒. The role of monoclinic phase is only to form a MPB with R phase, but not directly contribute to the ultrahigh piezoelectric activity in rhombohedral PMN-0.30PT crystals. The extrinsic contribution to piezoelectric activity was found to be less than 5% for the compositions away from R-M C and M C -T phase boundaries, due to a stable domain engineered structure. As the composition approached MPBs, the extrinsic contribution increased slightly ͑Ͻ10%͒, due to the enhanced motion of phase boundaries.

Domain size engineering in tetragonal Pb(In1/2Nb1/2)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3 crystals

“…In general, if cyclic electric field is applied to the samples with peak amplitudes (E 0 ) approximately up to 50% of the coercive field (E C ), the Rayleigh law can be expressed using the following formulae 12,15,16 …”

Coherent piezoelectric strain transfer to thick epitaxial ferromagnetic films with large lattice mismatch

“…The most commonly used piezoelectric substrate is (1-x)Pb(Mg 1/3 Nb 2/3 )O 3 -xPbTiO 3 , which is a well-known relaxor ferroelectric material with excellent electromechanical and piezoelectric properties for compositions near the morphotropic phase 3 boundary (0.25  x  0.35) [12]. Piezoelectric strain transfer from PMN-PT substrates has, for example, been used to tune the magnetic properties of manganite [13,14], ferrite [15][16][17][18][19], and metallic magnetic films [20][21][22][23], to alter the electrical resistance of magnetic oxides [13,18,[24][25][26], to demonstrate straincontrolled light emission from semiconductor heterostructures [27,28], and to tailor the properties of graphene [29].…”

Complete set of elastic, dielectric, and piezoelectric constants of [011]C poled rhombohedral Pb(In0.5Nb0.5)O3-Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-PbTiO3:Mn single crystals

“…The extrinsic contributions for the "2R" PIN-PMN-PT:Mn crystals were found to be lower than the value of [001] C poled binary PMN-PT and ternary PIN-PMN-PT crystals, due to the reduced domain wall motions, which was effectively clamped by the internal bias. 10,22 IV. CONCLUSIONS In summary, the full set of material constants for [011] C poled rhombohedral PIN-PMN-PT:Mn single crystals was determined using the combined resonance and ultrasonic methods.…”