Composition-dependent phase evolution and enhanced electrostrain properties of (Bi0.5Na0.5)TiO3–BaTiO3–Bi(Li0.5Ta0.5)O3 lead-free ceramics

Superior Large-Signal Piezoelectric Coefficient in Textured NBT-Based Piezoceramics by Template-Induced Structure and Composition Modulation

“…As a consequence, the liquid-phase-assisted process has a significant effect on increasing the enhanced inverse piezoelectric coefficient in the textured ceramics, allowing the NBT-based materials to reach their phase transition state at a lower driving electric field. For comparison, Figure c summarizes the d 33 * values of various NBT-based piezoceramics and their corresponding driving electric field. ,,,,− It is worth noting that the studied ⟨001⟩-oriented NBT-based ceramics attains superior strain characteristics with a lower driving electric field simultaneously, displaying the prospect of replacing lead-based piezoelectric materials in the future.…”

“…(b) Normalized d 33 * values for the regularly 1150 °C-textured and liquid phase 1000 °C-textured samples as a function of the electric field. (c) Comparison of the electric field and d 33 * values of various lead-free NBT-based ceramics. ,,,,− (d) Unipolar S – E curves of the liquid phase 1000 °C-textured ceramic, the nontextured ceramic, and the nontextured NN-doped one measured at 40 kV/cm at 10 Hz. (e) Strain values and (f) normalized d 33 * values of the liquid phase 1000 °C-textured ceramic, the nontextured ceramic, and the nontextured NN-doped one as a function of the electric field.…”

Enhanced Electrostrictive Behavior in BNT-Based Ternary Piezoceramics via Antiferroelectric Domain Engineering

“…14−16 For instance, normal FE phase BaTiO 3 (BT) in BNT near MPB exhibits S ∼ 0.16% at 67 kV/cm, 17 whereas by adding the relaxor Bi(Li 0.5 Ta 0.5 )O 3 (BLT) in the BNT-BT solid solution (i.e., BNBT 0.0069 -0.008BLT), the S improves to ∼0.39% at 60 kV/cm. 15 Similarly, in the Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT-BKT) system, S ∼ 0.19% at 60 kV/cm has been reported, 18 whereas the relaxor BiMg 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BMT) enhances the S up to 0.34% at 50 kV/ cm in the composition of 72.5BNT-22.5BKT-5BMT (BNKMT). 16,19 On comparison among several BNT-based PE ceramics, BNKMT was found to exhibit excellent direct and converse PE characteristics simultaneously (d 33 ∼ 180 pC/N and d 33 * ∼ 570 pm/V) that unveil its suitability for potential devices.…”

“…To accomplish this, researchers have introduced either a normal or an ergodic relaxor FE phase in the BNT-based system near the morphotropic phase boundary (MPB) regime. − In accordance with the Goldschmidt interpretation of MPB, the normal FE phase allows easy rotation of P vectors in external E , whereas the relaxor phase causes the P extension mechanism due to the formation of long-range ordered nanopolar regions (NPRs) . By incorporating both phases together in the BNT ceramics, a giant S was recorded near MPB. − For instance, normal FE phase BaTiO 3 (BT) in BNT near MPB exhibits S ∼ 0.16% at 67 kV/cm, whereas by adding the relaxor Bi­(Li 0.5 Ta 0.5 )­O 3 (BLT) in the BNT-BT solid solution (i.e., BNBT 0.0069 -0.008BLT), the S improves to ∼0.39% at 60 kV/cm . Similarly, in the Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -Bi 0.5 K 0.5 TiO 3 (BNT-BKT) system, S ∼ 0.19% at 60 kV/cm has been reported, whereas the relaxor BiMg 0.5 Ti 0.5 O 3 (BMT) enhances the S up to 0.34% at 50 kV/cm in the composition of 72.5BNT-22.5BKT-5BMT (BNKMT). , On comparison among several BNT-based PE ceramics, BNKMT was found to exhibit excellent direct and converse PE characteristics simultaneously ( d 33 ∼ 180 pC/N and d 33 * ∼ 570 pm/V) that unveil its suitability for potential devices. , Additionally, the crystal structure of BNKMT is relatively unstable compared to other BNT-based piezoceramics because Bi 3+ loses the inert pair effect (i.e., oxidizes to a relatively unstable 5+ oxidation state).…”