Composition des 3 types de foie gras : oie, canard mulard et canard de Barbarie

Salichon,; Guy, Gérard; Rousselot, D.; Jc, Blum

doi:10.1051/animres:19940210

Cited by 26 publications

(12 citation statements)

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“…We found higher levels of triglycerides and cholesterol in P. major muscles of lean Muscovy ducks than Salichon et al [26], but in our study, the ducks were sacrificed two weeks later. For lean mule ducks, we found equivalent levels to those obtained by Baéza et al [5].…”

Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

The effects of genotype and overfeeding on fat level and composition of adipose and muscle tissues in ducks

Chartrin¹,

Bernadet²,

Guy³

et al. 2006

Anim. Res.

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-This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of genotype (Muscovy, Pekin and their crossbred hinny and mule ducks) and overfeeding (14 days from 12 weeks of age) on the quantity and quality of lipid deposition in adipose and muscle tissue in ducks. Samples of muscles (Pectoralis major and Iliotibialis superficialis) and abdominal fat were collected at 14 weeks of age to determine lipid levels, lipid classes and fatty acid composition. By comparison with the other genotypes, Pekin ducks exhibited higher amounts of abdominal fat and higher lipid levels in muscles (+105 and +120% in P. major and Iliotibialis superficialis, respectively) by comparison with Muscovy ducks. By comparison with other genotypes, Muscovy ducks exhibited the lowest triglyceride and phospholipid levels in muscles and Pekin ducks the highest levels. Muscovy ducks also showed the lowest cholesterol levels in I. Superficialis muscles. Muscovy ducks exhibited the highest levels of saturated fatty acids (SFA) and poly-unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in muscle and adipose tissues and the lowest levels of mono-unsaturated fatty acids (MUFA), and Pekin ducks exhibited the reverse. For all these parameters, the crossbred ducks always presented intermediate values.Overfeeding induced an accumulation of lipids in adipose and muscle tissues (1.2-to 1.7-fold, depending on muscle type and genotype). This increase was higher in P. major than in I. superficialis muscles. The increase in the amount of abdominal fat was 1.7-to 3.1-fold, depending on genotype. This increase in lipid levels in peripheral tissues was mainly induced by triglyceride deposition. Finally, it induced a considerable increase in proportions of MUFA (particularly oleic acid) (expressed as % of total fatty acids) at the expense of PUFA (particularly arachidonic acid) and SFA. However, the amounts (expressed as g per 100 g of tissue) of SFA and MUFA increased in tissues while the amounts of PUFA remained unchanged in muscles and decreased in abdominal fat. The quantity and quality of fat deposition in peripheral tissues depends on the liver's ability to synthesise and also to export lipids. lipides / acides gras / viande / muscles / canards

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Section: Discussioncontrasting

confidence: 80%

The effects of genotype and overfeeding on fat level and composition of adipose and muscle tissues in ducks

Chartrin¹,

Bernadet²,

Guy³

et al. 2006

Anim. Res.

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“…After 12 wk of corn consumption under the conditions described in the present work, the liver developed spontaneous fattening and their weight increased from less than 100 to 514 g. Under standard overfeeding conditions in Landaise geese, liver weight usually reach values above 800 g with lipid contents of 50 to 55% (Salichon et al, 1994;Leprettre et al, 1997). These values for lipid content are very close to those we recorded in the present study for spontaneously fattened livers (~50%).…”

Section: Liver Composition and Histological Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 53%

Natural induction of spontaneous liver steatosis in Greylag Landaise geese (Anser anser)

Guy

Fortun-Lamothe

Bénard

et al. 2013

Journal of Animal Science

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The present experiment aimed at demonstrating that the Greylag geese (Anser anser), commonly used for the production of foie gras, are able to develop spontaneous hyperphagia and subsequent liver steatosis under specific handling conditions and without overfeeding. One hundred and eighty male geese were used in this experiment. After a period of feed restriction, at the age of 19 wk, corn was provided ad libitum. From wk 21 to 23, the daylight duration was progressively reduced from 10 to 7 h and kept as such until the end of the experiment (wk 31). Thirty birds were slaughtered at wk 19, 23, 25, 27, 29, and 31. During the first 2 wk after corn delivery, the average consumption rose up to 600 g/bird/d and decreased slowly thereafter to reach 270 g at wk 31. The liver weight increased from 95 (wk 19) to 514 g (wk 31), and most of these changes were due to the increase in liver lipid content from 6 to 50% of liver weight. There was no mortality during the experimental period. Histological observations indicate that the accumulation of fat in the livers occurred through a large increase in the size of the hepatocytes without modification of the cell boundaries and without any sign of inflammation or degeneration. Our data clearly show that under specific management conditions of feeding and photoperiod, the geese are able to initiate spontaneous liver steatosis. These results demonstrate their natural ability to store fat in the liver without any visible sign of tissue alteration. However, the variability in the response remains very high (at wk 31, the CV in liver weight was 45%). Further research is needed to better understand the origin of this variability.

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“…Liver weights from intensively overfed Mule and Pekin ducks confirmed the strong aptitude of Mule ducks for developing overfeeding-induced liver steatosis due to the maximal food intake capacity being higher in Mule ducks than in Pekin ducks [8,11,12]. A comparison between liver weights of intensively overfed Pekin ducks and moderately overfed Mule ducks (food intake 8832 g corn over two weeks in both cases) shows that Mule ducks had 18 % higher liver steatosis (p < 0.05) than Pekin ducks, whereas the increase in body weight was similar in the two genotypes (1417 g and 1463 g, respectively).…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Pancreatic Hormonal and Metabolic Responses in Overfed Ducks

2003

Horm Metab Res

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When overfed at their maximum (intensive overfeeding) or at only 80% (moderate overfeeding) of food intake capacity, Mule ducks developed strong liver steatosis, whereas Pekin ducks showed very marked extrahepatic fattening. During overfeeding, evolution of plasma glucose and triacylglycerol concentrations suggested a very strong increase in the hepatic lipogenesis as well as genotype- and diet-independent lipoprotein secretion. In contrast, lipoprotein-lipase activity was dependent on alimentary status (the intensive overfeeding induces the highest activities), and Pekin ducks showed higher lipoprotein-lipase activity than Mule ducks, which could favor extrahepatic fattening to the detriment of hepatic steatosis. In Pekin ducks, plasma pancreatic hormone concentrations are related to diet levels and blood sugar. With similar food intake, Mule ducks (moderately overfed) showed global blood insulin lower than that of Pekin ducks (intensively overfed) despite similar blood sugar levels, suggesting a trend towards reduced pancreas response to glucose in Mule ducks. This may result from their lower lipoprotein-lipase activity as previously shown in these two ducks overfed at only 60% of their maximal food intake capacity (unpublished results). These results suggest that high plasma insulin concentrations may be necessary to induce an optimum lipoprotein-lipase activity in overfed ducks.

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Composition des 3 types de foie gras : oie, canard mulard et canard de Barbarie

Cited by 26 publications

References 0 publications

The effects of genotype and overfeeding on fat level and composition of adipose and muscle tissues in ducks

The effects of genotype and overfeeding on fat level and composition of adipose and muscle tissues in ducks

Natural induction of spontaneous liver steatosis in Greylag Landaise geese (Anser anser)

Pancreatic Hormonal and Metabolic Responses in Overfed Ducks

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