Composition of the Essential Oils ofOcimum canum,O. gratissimumandO. minimum

Martins, Ana; Salgueiro, Lígia; Vila, Roser; Tomi, Félix; Cañigueral, Salvador; Casanova, Joseph; Cunha, A. Proença da; Adzet, T.

doi:10.1055/s-2006-960465

Cited by 103 publications

(55 citation statements)

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“…Similar results were observed by Dubey et al (2000), who verified citral, ethyl cinnamate chemotype, eugenol, linalol as the dominant constituents of O. gratissimum essential oil. On the other hand, Martins et al (1999) did not find eugenol as constituent of the essential oil in O. gratissimum from Portugal Island.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Lemos

Passos

Fernandes

et al. 2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

100

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Cryptococcal infection had an increased incidence in last yearsCryptococcal infections have increased dramatically over the last years. This high incidence can be due in large part to the explosion of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) epidemic around the world and the use of more potent immunosuppressive agents by increasing numbers of solid organ transplant recipients (Mitchell & Perfect 1995, Dromer et al. 1996.Cryptococcal meningitis, the most common infection of cryptococcosis is usually chronic and uniformly fatal if untreated (Collazos 2003). Some antifungal drugs, such as polyene macrolides (amphotericin B) and azoles (itraconazole and fluconazole) are currently used in antifungal therapies with certain limitations due to side effects as toxicity and emergence of resistant strains (Terrel 1999, Saag et al. 2000. The lack of response to treatment and resistance in vitro to fluconazole, the drug that now commands maintenance treatment protocols for AIDS patients has began to emerge with Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans in immunocompromissed patients undergoing prolonged azole treatment (Alves et al. 1997, Momoff & Parrish 2003 The medicinal plants have been used for several purposes including antimicrobial effects and have showed inhibition of growth to fungi. Caryocar brasiliensis, plant widely distributed in Brazil, has in vitro activity against Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and C. neoformans while Hyptis ovalifolia, plant native from Brazilian cerrado, has inhibitory effect on dermatophytes (Souza et al. 2002). We are interested on antifungal activity of Ocimum gratissimum, plant known as alfavaca cravo, which has presented in vitro inhibitory effect against bacteria as Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, and some fungi as dermatophytes (Lima et al. 1993, Nakamura et al. 1999.The occurrence of cryptococcosis in Goiânia and its importance in immunocom-promised patients justify in studying Cryptococcus species in this city localized in the Brazilian midwest region. In this paper the antifungal activity of ethanolic crude extract, ethyl acetate, hexane and chloroformic fractions, essential oils and eugenol from O. gratissimum leaves towards 25 isolates of C. neoformans, important pathogen commonly found in our geographic area , was investigated. Chemical analysis of essential oil -Oil sample analysis was performed on a Shimadzu QP5050A gas chromatograph interfaced to a mass spectrometer (GC/MS) instrument employing the following conditions: fused silica capillary column (CBP-5; 30 m x 0.25 µm x 0.25 µm) which was programmed as follows: 60ºC for 2 min and then up to 240ºC at 3ºC/min, then to 270ºC at 10ºC/min ending with a 10 min at 270ºC. The carrier gas was He at a flow rate of 1 ml/min, split mode, with ratio of 1:5, and injection volume of 1 µl in CH 2 Cl 2 and the ionization voltage, 70 EV. The calculation of the retention indexes was made through co-injection with C 8 -C 32 n alkanes series (Van Den Doll & Kratz 1963). Identification of the oil constituents was made based on the ...

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 73%

Antifungal activity from Ocimum gratissimum L. towards Cryptococcus neoformans

Lemos

Passos

Fernandes

et al. 2005

Mem. Inst. Oswaldo Cruz

100

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“…The volatile oil of O. gratissimum also contain phenols, particularly thymol which was earlier reported to be responsible for the antimicrobial action [11,104]. The studies of the chemical composition of a related species O. suave showed that the major components of the oil are p-cymene, α-thujene, myrcene and thymol, in addition to phenols [105][106]. Therefore, these compounds may be responsible for the grains protectant and antimicrobial activities of the hexane fraction of O. gratissimum and it could serve as a potential source of pharmaceutical applications and in the control of agronomic pests.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 97%

Phytochemical Constituents and Antimicrobial and Grain Protectant Activities of Clove Basil (Ocimum gratissimum L.) Grown in Nigeria

Mann¹

2012

PLANT

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Ocimum gratissimum Linn (Lamiaceae) is an herbaceous plant reputed for many medicinal and agronomic practices amongst Nigerian peasant farmers. O. gratissimum was investigated for antimicrobial activity against ten micro-organisms and for grain protectant activity against Callosobrochus maculatus. The phytocontituents of the aerial part of O. gratissimum were extracted with 95% ethanol using the percolation method. The crude ethanol extracted was further fractionated into hexane, chloroform and methanol fractions. The fractions obtained were screened for phytoconstiteunts, antimicrobial and grain protectant properties. Result showed that hexane fraction exhibited the highest antimicrobial activity against Vibrio cholera and Klebsiella pneumonia. Similarly hexane fraction also showed the highest grain protectant activity. The other extracts of the O. gratissimum did not significantly inhibit both bacterial growth and grain infestation. However, the methanol fraction contains phytocompounds such as phenolic compounds associated with antioxidant properties. The study shows that O. gratissimum extractants are potential sources of antimicrobial and preservative agents.

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“…[19][20][21][22][23] It was previously reported that the oil of O. basilicum contained linalool (69%) and eugenol (10%). 23 Linalool (45.7%) and eugenol (13.4%) were reported to be the main components of the previously analyzed materials.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%