Composition of the essential oils from Rocky Mountain juniper (Juniperus scopulorum), Big sagebrush (Artemisia tridentata), and White Sage (Salvia apiana).

Abstract

The essential oils of Juniperus scopulorum, Artemisia tridentata, and Salvia apiana obtained by steam extraction were analyzed by GC-MS and GC-FID. For J. scopulorum, twenty-five compounds were identified which accounts for 92.43% of the oil. The primary constituents were sabinene (49.91%), α-terpinene (9.95%), and 4-terpineol (6.79%). For A. tridentata, twenty compounds were identified which accounts for 84.32% of the oil. The primary constituents were camphor (28.63%), camphene (16.88%), and1,8-cineole (13.23%). For S. apiana, fourteen compounds were identified which accounts for 96.76% of the oil. The primary component was 1,8-cineole (60.65%). 4We would like to thank Native Scents of Taos, New Mexico for supplying the oils and Regional and Small Business Partnering group for making this research possible.5 CONTENTS

White Sage (Salvia apiana)–a Ritual and Medicinal Plant of the Chaparral: Plant Characteristics in Comparison with Other Salvia Species

“…The GC/ FID, together with GC/MS analysis showed the presence of 14 constituents, which accounted for 97.76 % of the total essential oil obtained through steam distillation of the entire plant. 1,8-cineole (1), constituting 60.65 % of the oil, was the major component [46]. Takeoka et al [47] Various studies have demonstrated that quantitative differences in essential oil content are common in Salvia species and depend on environmental conditions, harvesting time, and geographic and climatic factors [48,49].…”

“…On the other hand, the main component of white sage oil, 1,8-cineole, is regarded as safe in amounts usually used in phytotherapy. However, exposure to camphor can still cause toxic effects, especially in children [46,58]. Given the above, recommendations discouraging the use of common sage in children and adolescents [57] seem to be valid also for S. apiana, even if there is no apparent risk of inducing epileptic seizures.…”

“…oration apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[47]; b Branches and leaves; steam distillation; GC/FID and GC/MS[46]; c Dried aerial parts; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[54]; d Entire plant; steam distillation; analyzed with GC/FID and GC/MS[123]; e Dried leaves; extraction in anhydrous ethyl ether; GC[51]; f Fresh leaves; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[125]; g Dried distal parts of leafy shoots; hydrodistillation with a Clevenger-type apparatus; GC/FID and GC/MS[126]; h Dried leaves; hydrodistillation, using n-hexane as collecting solvent; GC/FID and GC/MS[127]; i…”

Essential Oil Yield, Composition, and Bioactivity of Sagebrush Species in the Bighorn Mountains

“…vaseyana were α-pinene at 35.5% in accession #210, camphor at 45.4% for accession #212, eucalyptol at 17.9% for accession #211, chrysanthenone at 17.9% for accession #201, fragranol at 20.3% and grandisol at 36.2% for accession #203 (Table S1). A previous study found 42 constituents in the EO obtained by steam distillation from leaves and branches of A. tridentata, with camphor, camphene, and 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol) accounting to 28.6, 16.9, and 13.2% of the total oil [23].…”