Composting of stabilized municipal sewage sludge with residues from agri-food processing in Poland

Krasowska, Małgorzata; Kowczyk-Sadowy, Małgorzata; Obidziński, S.

doi:10.34659/eis.2022.83.4.509

Cited by 3 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 17 publications

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“…After appropriate treatment, i.e., concentration, stabilisation, dehydration, drying and incineration, sewage sludge can be used in different ways (Krasowska et al, 2023). It can be used, among others, as organic fertiliser in agriculture (Przydatek & Wota, 2020).…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment and recommendations for sewage sludge management in Poland

Wisniewski,

Kuczmaszewski,

Halicka

et al. 2024

EiS

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The purpose of the article is to demonstrate practices used to supervise the use of sewage sludge for agricultural purposes. The presented research and conclusions are a trend analysis and are not to be used to penalise entities. Sewage sludge, which comes from the illegal dumping of wastewater into municipal wastewater by industrial plants, contains large amounts of heavy metals. Treatment plants transfer the sludge for agricultural use. Regulations specifically restrict the mode and conditions for such use of sludge. Methods: the research was carried out using a proprietary questionnaire, which is a supplement to the reporting questionnaire of the National Urban Wastewater Treatment Program implemented by the State Water Company "Wody Polskie". Results: The survey was conducted at 208 wastewater treatment plants in Poland. The results show that the majority of wastewater treatment plants do not properly supervise the process of introducing sewage sludge into the soil. They also lack supervision of how much heavy metals from wastewater are introduced into the soil. This means that there is a very high risk of contamination of agricultural soils. The results obtained could initiate a detailed analysis of this phenomenon in Poland. A comprehensive study of the scale of the practice and its current effects is required to determine the actual condition of soil treated with sewage sludge.

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Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Critical assessment and recommendations for sewage sludge management in Poland

Wisniewski,

Kuczmaszewski,

Halicka

et al. 2024

EiS

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“…Apple pomace has a rather diverse composition due to many factors influencing it, such as apple cultivar. According to a study by Krasowska and Kowczyk-Sadowy [16], it can contain between 0.5-1.2% nitrogen in wet weight. The use of equal mineral nitrogen fertilisation in our study and the higher SPAD index may indicate the introduction of an additional dose of nitrogen from pomace used by the plants.…”

Section: Photosynthesis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The negative effect of the highest level of pomace applied on the D3 site on the SPAD index may have been due to significant soil acidification and hindered nitrogen uptake by plants due to a less developed root system. According to a study by Krasowska and Kowczyk-Sadowy [16], apple pomace is one of the waste materials which, due to its low pH (in the range of 3.7-4.3), can have a strongly acidifying effect on soil.…”

Section: Photosynthesis Parametersmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Effect Application of Apple Pomace on Yield of Spring Wheat in Potting Experiment

2023

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Apple pomace, as a by-product, is difficult to manage and is produced in significant quantities. This makes it necessary to manage the resulting biomass. It is important for the environment to use pomace in an ecological way. It can provide a source of organic matter and be composted, but it can also be added directly to the soil. The greatest impediments in the use of pomace are the constant process of its production and the fermentation processes taking place within it, which require storage of action and drying and transportation of the pomace. Using pomace immediately after its formation as an exogenous source of organic matter for soil is a possibility. This method of pomace management benefits society and the natural environment. Thus, a study was undertaken to determine the feasibility of applying apple pomace to soil in a model experiment. Tests were conducted on spring wheat of the Harenda cultivar in a greenhouse. Various amounts of apple pomace were added to the soil. Soil properties were studied, as well as photosynthetic parameters and crop yield structure. It was shown that it is possible to improve soil properties and plant yield by adding pomace to the soil, but only for a limited quantity of pomace. The highest maximum pomace that should be used, for spring wheat in field conditions, is a maximum of 2 t/ha−1. At this dose of apple pomace, the characteristics of the wheat yielding structure were significantly improved, such as plant tillering, the number of ears and the weight of kernels per spike, and the weight of a thousand kernels. Since this was a model experiment, it should be treated as an introduction to research on the use of pomace, and further research on the possibility of using pomace in field conditions, including for other cereal species, should be continued.

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Evaluation of the effect of using sewage sludge as a fertilizer on the concentration of heavy metals in soil and the economic implications of its application

Petryk,

Ryczek,

Guzdek

2024

EiS

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The costs of fertilising the soil with sewage sludge were reduced to the operating time of the equipment and the working time of the labourers operating the equipment in the two main operations (manure spreading and ploughing), for three sewage sludge application doses, namely 50, 100 and 200 Mg·ha-1. The costs were calculated using the Katalog Nakładów Rzeczowych nr 2-21: Tereny zielone/Ministerstwo Gospodarki Przestrzennej i Budownictwa (2009) and the current prices from Sekocendbud (2023). The effectiveness of fertilisation was assessed by studying the level and change in heavy metal content after the soil was fertilised with sewage sludge at three proportional doses, namely 50, 100 and 200 Mg·kg-1. The sewage sludge used for fertilisation complied with the sanitary requirements for sludge to be utilised for natural purposes (Regulation, 2015). The estimated total cost of sludge application ranged from PLN 12646.19 to PLN 20456.73 per 1 ha for doses from 50 to 200 Mg per 1 ha. The results of the estimation confirmed the hypothesis that the unit cost of fertilisation with stabilised sewage sludge increases with the dose of sludge in relation to the area of fertilised soil and decreases with the increase of the mass of sludge deposited in the soil. Optimising fertiliser costs, therefore, requires selection - increasing the sludge dose per unit area. No contamination of the soil with copper, cadmium, lead and zinc was found despite an obvious increase in the content of these metals when mixed into the soil. The application of sewage sludge, even in multiple doses, did not result in exceeding the permissible limit for the content of these elements in the soil, as defined in the Minister of the Environment Regulation of 2015 (Regulation, 2015).

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Composting of stabilized municipal sewage sludge with residues from agri-food processing in Poland

Cited by 3 publications

References 17 publications

Critical assessment and recommendations for sewage sludge management in Poland

Critical assessment and recommendations for sewage sludge management in Poland

Effect Application of Apple Pomace on Yield of Spring Wheat in Potting Experiment

Evaluation of the effect of using sewage sludge as a fertilizer on the concentration of heavy metals in soil and the economic implications of its application

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