Compound conditioning of separately pretrained conditioned stimuli evoking dissimilar conditioned responses

Bourne, Mark J.

doi:10.3758/bf03334065

Cited by 3 publications

(3 citation statements)

References 12 publications

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“…When the tone and light elements were presented in isolation again at test, Kremer found that the level of suppression had decreased from the level reached before the compound presentations. Although overexpectation has since been a less commonly reported phenomenon (Bourne, 1990;Ganesan & Pearce, 1988), recent research (Blaisdell, Denniston, & Miller, 2001;Kehoe & White, 2004;Lattal & Nakajima, 1998) has provided strong evidence for it in both Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning preparations. Pearce's (1987Pearce's ( , 1994 theoretical position lies in stark contrast to the notion of elementalism.…”

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confidence: 99%

Summation in Causal Learning: Elemental processing or Configural Generalization?

Collins

Shanks

2006

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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Results from human causal learning tasks that employ multiple cues are often interpreted in terms of the elemental theory of Rescorla and Wagner (1972). However, most results can also be successfully interpreted by the configural model proposed by Pearce (1987, 1994). One method of discriminating between these alternatives is through an investigation of summation and overexpectation. Indeed, demonstrations of these phenomena are fundamental to an elemental approach but are generally incompatible with an account that involves configural processing. Using a procedure in which the magnitude of the outcome varied, evidence for both summation and overexpectation was obtained in two experiments.

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confidence: 99%

Summation in Causal Learning: Elemental processing or Configural Generalization?

Collins

Shanks

2006

Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology

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“…The first is the possibility of obtaining the effect with an appetitive reinforcer. Although there have been several attempts to generate overexpectation in appetitive preparations, the recent evidence from these studies is quite mixed (Bourne, 1990;Ganesan & Pearce, 1988;Khallad & Moore, 1996;Rescorla, 1989). The second is the need for additional controls in order to ensure that the observed decrease is indeed attributable to the compound's evoking greater associative strength than that supported by the US.…”

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confidence: 99%

Overexpectation in appetitive Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning

Lattal

Nakajima

1998

Animal Learning & Behavior

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“…The CS then comes to elicit physiological and behavioral responses [conditioned responses (CR)] (Cartoni et al, 2016). The CR may be similar to the response [unconditioned response (UR)] elicited by appetitive or aversive stimuli (US), but this is not necessarily the case (Bourne, 1990). In appetitive conditioning, the US used is a pleasant/rewarding stimulus, a CS+ signals the occurrence of an appetitive US.…”

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confidence: 99%

Development of a Classical Conditioning Task for Humans Examining Phasic Heart Rate Responses to Signaled Appetitive Stimuli: A Pilot Study

Sayão

Alves

Furukawa

et al. 2021

Front. Behav. Neurosci.

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Cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli have been studied as indices of motivational states and attentional processes, the former being associated with cardiac acceleration and latter deceleration. Very few studies have examined heart rate changes in appetitive classical conditioning in humans. The current study describes the development and pilot testing of a classical conditioning task to assess cardiac responses to appetitive stimuli and cues that reliably precede them. Data from 18 adults were examined. They were shown initially neutral visual stimuli (putative CS) on a computer screen followed by pictures of high-caloric food (US). Phasic cardiac deceleration to food images was observed, consistent with an orienting response to motivationally significant stimuli. Similar responses were observed to non-appetitive stimuli when they were preceded by the cue associated with the food images, suggesting that attentional processes were engaged by conditioned stimuli. These autonomic changes provide significant information about classical conditioning effects in humans.

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Compound conditioning of separately pretrained conditioned stimuli evoking dissimilar conditioned responses

Cited by 3 publications

References 12 publications

Summation in Causal Learning: Elemental processing or Configural Generalization?

Summation in Causal Learning: Elemental processing or Configural Generalization?

Overexpectation in appetitive Pavlovian and instrumental conditioning

Development of a Classical Conditioning Task for Humans Examining Phasic Heart Rate Responses to Signaled Appetitive Stimuli: A Pilot Study

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