Comprehension of chip formation in laser assisted machining

Abstract

is an open access repository that collects the work of Arts et Métiers ParisTech researchers and makes it freely available over the web where possible. Laser Assisted Machining (LAM) improves the machinability of materials by locally heating the workpiece just prior to cutting. Experimental investigations have confirmed that the cutting force can be decreased, by as much as 40%, for various materials. In order to understand the effect of the laser on chip formation and on the temperature fields in the different deformation zones, thermo-mechanical simulations were undertaken. A thermo-mechanical model for chip formation was also undertaken. Experimental tests for the orthogonal cutting of 42CrMo4 steel were used to validate the simulation. The temperature fields allow us to explain the reduction in the cutting force and the resulting residual stress fields in the workpiece.

Thermally enhanced ultrasonically assisted machining of Ti alloy

“…Therefore, external heat can be supplied to the workpiece materials to make it softer and easier for a cutting tool to remove a given amount of material, this technique is called hot machining (Ezugwu and Wang, 1997). Various types of heat sources have been used for thermal softening of the workpiece materials, for instance, gas torch, (Lajis et al, 2009, Maity and Swain, 2008, Ozler et al, 2001, Pal and Basu, 1971, furnace pre-heating (Amin and Talantov, 1986), induction heating (Amin et al, 2008), electric-current heating (Moriwaki et al, 1992) (Uehara et al, 1983), plasma heating (Kitagawa and Maekawa, 1990) (Germain et al, 2011, Hinds and De Almeida, 1981, Sun et al, 2008 and laser heating (Chryssolouries et al, 1997).…”

Experimental and numerical study of laser-assisted machining of Ti6Al4V titanium alloy

“…His model predicted the morphology of the chip, the shear angle and temperature fields for the titanium alloy Ti6Al4V. A new model taking into account the temperature field induced by the laser beam has been developed by Germain [6]. This model allows the heating of the workpiece by a moving heat source, then the removal of material by a cutting tool.…”

Laser Beam Machining, Laser Beam Hybrid Machining, and Micro-channels Applications and Fabrication Techniques

“…Indeed at the point of cutting, the high temperature generated by laser irradiations weakens the specific cutting energy which improves the machinability. For large number of materials the drop in materials strength occurs in between 500 and 600°C [91]. A geometry of laser assisted machining (LAM) during turning is shown in Fig.…”

“…For titanium alloys, a reduction of force in x-direction up to 25 %, y-direction up to 60 % and z-direction up to 65 % can be achieved [101]. In sum of all, LAM can ensure cutting forces reduction by up to 40 % for different materials [91]. The cutting forces are commonly measured by a dynamometer or a three-component dynamic force sensor [102].…”

“…Temperature fields basically allow to understand the cutting force and residual stress phenomenon [91]. The laser power has a strong effect on LAM obeying a linear relationship with temperature variations (see Fig.…”