Comprehensive analysis of pipeline transportation systems for CO2 sequestration. Thermodynamics and safety problems

Witkowski, Andrzej; Rusin, Andrzej; Majkut, Mirosław; Rulik, Sebastian; Stolecka, Katarzyna

doi:10.1016/j.enconman.2013.07.087

Cited by 68 publications

(54 citation statements)

References 13 publications

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“…Using amine-based solvents CO 2 can be purified to above 99% v/v. Due to its relatively high purity, the impact of impurities on thermodynamic properties of post-combustion CO 2 streams is often neglected (Witkowski et al, 2013).…”

Section: Industrial Grade Co 2 Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Particularly, analysis of conventional gas-phase multi-stage compression technology based on centrifugal compressors has shown that its efficiency can be increased by using a higher number of compression stages, combining compression with liquefaction and pumping, and applying liquefaction at lower temperatures (IEAGHG, 2011). Comparing power consumption in centrifugal and supersonic compression of high-purity CO 2 streams from post-combustion capture has shown that (Witkowski and Majkut, 2012;Witkowski et al 2013)the relatively low efficiency of supersonic shock-wave compressors can be compensated by utilising the compression heat in other processes in the plant, e.g., for regeneration of amine solutions or or preheating the boiler water. Pei et al (2014) have performed analysis of waste heat recovery in CO 2 compression using an organic Rankine cycle, showing that the shockwave shockwave 2-stage compression consumes less energy than 7-stage centrifugal compression with intercooling.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Impact of stream impurities on compressor power requirements for CO2 pipeline transportation

Martynov

Daud

Mahgerefteh

et al. 2016

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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Article available under the terms of the CC-BY-NC-ND licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/) eprints@whiterose.ac.uk https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/ Reuse Unless indicated otherwise, fulltext items are protected by copyright with all rights reserved. The copyright exception in section 29 of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 allows the making of a single copy solely for the purpose of non-commercial research or private study within the limits of fair dealing. The publisher or other rights-holder may allow further reproduction and re-use of this version -refer to the White Rose Research Online record for this item. Where records identify the publisher as the copyright holder, users can verify any specific terms of use on the publisher's website. TakedownIf you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing eprints@whiterose.ac.uk including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. liquefaction and pumping. The study shows that for all the compression options examined, the compression power reduces with the increase in the purity of the CO 2 stream, while the inter-stage cooling duty is predicted to be significantly higher than the compression power demand. For CO 2 streams carrying less than 5% impurities, multistage compression combined with liquefaction and subsequent pumping from ca 62 bar pressure can offer higher efficiency than conventional gas-phase compression. In the case of a raw/dehumidified oxy-fuel CO 2 stream of ca 85% purity, subcritical liquefaction at 62 bar pressure is shown to increase the cooling duty by ca 50% as compared to pure CO 2 .

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Section: Industrial Grade Co 2 Streamsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Impact of stream impurities on compressor power requirements for CO2 pipeline transportation

Martynov

Daud

Mahgerefteh

et al. 2016

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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“…Several typical values are found in the literature, e.g.1.2 W/(m·K) (Witkowski et al, 2013) and 2.6 W/(m·K) (Wetenhall et al, 2014) …”

Section: Pipeline Transportmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Not specifically addressed in this review was the need to take fully into account the changes in physical properties along the pipeline -especially important when impurities are taken into account. This point is partly addressed by Witkowski et al (2013), who demonstrated how varying ambient and soil temperatures will have significant effects on the cooling of the transported CO2 and thus on its physical properties, flow velocities and pressure loss. These parameters can determine whether recompression is necessary or not.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Techno-economic evaluation of the effects of impurities on conditioning and transport of CO 2 by pipeline

Skaugen

Roussanaly

Jakobsen

et al. 2016

International Journal of Greenhouse Gas Control

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This study analyses the effect of transporting 13.1 MTPA CO 2 with impurities over a distance of 500 km on the operating and investment costs. In the cases study, two different impurity levels coming as a result of gas sweetening (GAS) and from capture from oxy-fuel combustion (OXY). The analysis includes the cost for the conditioning and the compression of the CO 2 stream after capture, from atmospheric conditions to transport conditions in the dense phase. In the calculation of the operating cost in terms of compression power and cooling requirements, the effect of the impurities are taken into account by using real thermo-physical properties depending of local fluid temperature and pressure and including heat transfer with the surroundings. The analysis investigates the total cost of choosing different pipeline diameters for transporting CO 2. The technical analysis shows that the number of required booster stations increases from 2 to 17 going from a 28" to an 18" pipeline and from 3 to 25 in the worst case with (GAS). In the second technical comparison, the feed flow rate for the CO 2 mixtures has been reduced so that the installed compression power for transport will be equal for all three cases. In this analysis a 24" pipeline with 4 booster stations was used. The techno-economic assessments show a significant impact of the impurity cases considered on the CO 2 conditioning and transport design and cost. Indeed, in the Oxy-feed and Gas-feed cases, the specific conditioning and transport costs are respectively 13 and 22% higher than in the Base-feed case for the cost-optimal diameter. In absolute value, this represents a direct increase of the specific conditioning and transport cost of 2.3 and 3.8 €/t CO2,avoided . Even if the cost evaluation leads to the same cost optimal diameter for the three impurity cases considered, it is important to note that this result is specific to the transport system considered in this paper and that in principle different impurity cases can lead to different cost-optimal diameters especially for low pipeline diameters. The impact of impurities on an existing pipeline infrastructure design not taking into account these potential impurities show an even stronger cost impact. Indeed, the cost evaluations shows that the specific cost of the Oxy-feed and Gas-feed cases can be expected to be respectively at least around 20 and 40% more expensive than in the Base-feed case due to the lower amounts of CO 2 transported and the important cost-penalty associated with the CO 2 emissions not transported. Finally, while the cost presented here considered only the impact of impurities on the conditioning and transport cost, impurities can also be expected to have a significant impact on the technical and economic performances of the whole CCS chain. This therefore highlights the importance of evaluating, on a case-to-case basis, the tradeoffs between impact of impurities on the CCS cost and cost of impurities removal in order to provide recommendations on cost-optimal level of imp...

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“…The main objective of this paper is to analyse CO 2 compression and transportation systems. Among several approaches to the problem, CO 2 pipeline transportation is the most economical solution when it comes to transporting large amounts of CO 2 over a long distance (Det Norske Veritas, 2010, Incropera and DeWitt, 1996, Witkowski et al, 2013, Zhang et al, 2006. Pipeline transmission of CO 2 over longer distances is most efficient when CO 2 is in the dense phase ( Fig.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Analysis of Pipeline Transportation Process for CO2 Captured From Reference Coal-Fired 900 MW Power Plant to Sequestration Region

Witkowski¹,

Rusin²,

Majkut³

et al. 2014

Chemical and Process Engineering

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Three commercially available intercooled compression strategies for compressing CO 2 were studied. All of the compression concepts required a final delivery pressure of 153 bar at the inlet to the pipeline. Then, simulations were used to determine the maximum safe pipeline distance to subsequent booster stations as a function of inlet pressure, environmental temperature, thickness of the thermal insulation and ground level heat flux conditions. The results show that subcooled liquid transport increases energy efficiency and minimises the cost of CO 2 transport over long distances under heat transfer conditions. The study also found that the thermal insulation layer should not be laid on the external surface of the pipe in atmospheric conditions in Poland. The most important problems from the environmental protection point of view are rigorous and robust hazard identification which indirectly affects CO 2 transportation. This paper analyses ways of reducing transport risk by means of safety valves.

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Comprehensive analysis of pipeline transportation systems for CO2 sequestration. Thermodynamics and safety problems

Cited by 68 publications

References 13 publications

Impact of stream impurities on compressor power requirements for CO2 pipeline transportation

Impact of stream impurities on compressor power requirements for CO2 pipeline transportation

Techno-economic evaluation of the effects of impurities on conditioning and transport of CO 2 by pipeline

The Analysis of Pipeline Transportation Process for CO2 Captured From Reference Coal-Fired 900 MW Power Plant to Sequestration Region

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