Comprehensive Chemical Analysis of the Rhizomes of Drynaria fortunei by Orthogonal Pre-Separation and Liquid Chromatography Mass Spectrometry

Abstract

The chemical composition of Drynaria fortunei, a traditional Chinese herbal medicine, is very complicated. In order to separate these chemicals to obtain their structural information, an orthogonal sample enrichment procedure was established. The ethyl acetate extract of D. fortunei was pre-separated by Sephadex LH-20 × polyamide columns to yield 15 fractions. These fractions were analyzed successively using a reversed-phase Agilent Zorbax SB-C18 column, coupled with diode array detection and electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. The method reduced co-elution and enriched minor compounds on the basis of their chemical features. A total of 369 compounds were detected by LC/MSn, compared to less than 50 compounds without pre-separation. The pretreatment facilitated the analytical separation of flavonoids, proanthocyanidins, triterpenoids, phenolic acids, and lignans in D. fortunei, and allowed a comprehensive chemical profiling of these constituents. This method could be applied to other multicomponent herbal extracts.

Anti-Osteoporotic and Anti-Adipogenic Effects of the Water Extract of Drynaria roosii Nakaike in Ovariectomized Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

“…Further investigation of phytochemicals in the WDR was performed to expand the information needed to clarify biological properties and potential underlying mechanisms. Currently, D. roosii has been reported to contain over 360 flavonoids, phenolic acids, triterpenoids, and lignans [38]. Ultrahigh-performance liquid chromatography–tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC–MS/MS) analysis of WDR identified one coumarin (esculetin), 10 flavonoids ((−)-gallocatechin, (−)-catechin, (−)-epicatechin, isoorientin, orientin, neoeriocitrin, naringin, eriodictyol, naringenin, and kaempferide), and four phenolics (protocatechuic acid, neochlorogenic acid, p-hydroxybenzoic acid, and chlorogenic acid) by comparing the retention times and mass fragmentations of authentic standards (Figure 4 and Table 1).…”

Drynaria fortunei Promoted Angiogenesis Associated With Modified MMP-2/TIMP-2 Balance and Activation of VEGF Ligand/Receptors Expression

“…Phytochemical studies have demonstrated that flavonoids, phenylpropanoids, and triterpenes are major compounds present in D. fortunei ( Wang et al, 2008 ; Qiao et al, 2014 ). However, cultivation methods and climate conditions may influence the quality of the rhizomes present in D. fortunei .…”

“…D. fortunei is one of the most commonly prescribed Chinese herbal medicines for wound healing. There are more than 300 constituent compounds which may be extracted from D. fortunei, including flavonoids, phenolcarboxylic acids, glycosides, and triterpenoids ( Qiao et al, 2014 ; Han et al, 2015 ). In this study, no cytotoxic effects on HUVECs were identified, which is in accordance with the description found in Compendium of Materia Medica.…”

Antimicrobial activity of the chloroform fraction of <i>Drynaria <i>fortunei</i></i> against oral pathogens

“…The CHCl 3 extract contains naringin, hesperidin, caffeic acid, and procyanidin, but flavonoids was detected only in the n-BuOH extract for presence of organic acid (21,22,25,28,43). Some of the polyphenols isolated from plants exhibit anti-carious effects such as growth inhibition and inhibition of glucosyltransferases against mutans streptococci (44)(45)(46).…”