Compression properties and micro-mechanisms of rubber-sand particle mixtures considering grain breakage

Liu, Lulu; Cai, Guojun; Liu, Songyu

doi:10.1016/j.conbuildmat.2018.08.051

Cited by 60 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The fact that the remaining 21% of spent tyres go unused must represent great potential for the tyres to gain use in other parts of the economy, e.g., in civil engineering. Rubber material from tyre-recycling (in fine or granulated form) does gain successful use in road construction, where the application is to modify the composition of asphalt (Liu, Cai & Liu, 2018). The bituminous surfaces arising from this activity are demonstrably more durable and more flexible, of lesser luminance, and of greater resistance to abrasion.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of material from used car tyres in geotechnics—an environmental impact analysis

Duda

Kida

Ziembowicz

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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This work begins with a literature-based discussion of the hazardous-waste problem represented by car tyres as hazardous waste, along with possible ways in which they might be utilised or managed. The impact of the material on the environment is characterised in the process, not least in the context of pollutants leached to the aquatic environment. Input in terms of new research results concerns the impact on water and soil of material from used car tyres being used in geotechnics. Specifically, tyre bales comprising 100–140 car vehicle tyres compressed into a lightweight block and secured by galvanised steel tie wires running around the length and depth of the bale, were researched, having been immersed in basins with alkaline and acidic water following initial preparation and pre-washing. The aim was to in some sense simulate—respectively—conditions in which rain and surface/ground water are involved, or else acid rain. To do that, the tyre bales were placed in the water for 120 days, with emerging leachate analysed after set intervals of time, with a view to changes in key physicochemical parameters of water being noted, as well as signs of the leaching of both undesirable components and priority substances, from tyres into the aqueous medium. Washing of the tyre bales was shown to induce slight pollution of water, with limited exceedance of normative values in respect of OWO content. However, this increase was not due to leaching of the Persistent Organic Pollutants tested for, but may rather have reflected contamination of tyres used, e.g., of soil at the place of previous storage. In general, waste water arising does not therefore contain substances that would stand in the way (legally) of its being discharged into a combined sewer system. Similar conclusions were arrived at through analysis of the leaching of pollutants from tyre bales exposed in the aforementioned pools of water of neutral and acidic reaction. Wastewater arising was not enriched significantly in impurities (be these metals, PAHs, phthalates, selected anions or cations), and there were therefore no exceedances of standards imposed for wastewater discharged to either waters or soil.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Application of material from used car tyres in geotechnics—an environmental impact analysis

Duda

Kida

Ziembowicz

et al. 2020

PeerJ

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“…Recycled aggregates are obtained by the crushing and screening of CDW, so research into the behavior of these materials is of great significance. Barbudo et al [2] analyzed the change in gradation in recycled aggregates; the compacted mixture becomes dense due to particle breakage, which leads to an improvement in its resilient modulus and bearing capacity [3][4][5][6]. Generally, recycled aggregates are formed by the crushing of large machinery and, because of the lower density and greater porosity of various recycled aggregates [7][8][9], the maximum dry density and strength of the recycled aggregate is lower than that of the original aggregate [10,11].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Investigation into Creep Characteristics and Model of Recycled Construction and Demolition Waste Used in Embankment Filler

Yan

Liu

et al. 2020

Sustainability

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The creep deformation of recycled construction and demolition waste (CDW) filler is an important factor affecting road performance. In this paper, a series of laboratory tests, including a compaction test, sieving test, California bearing ratio (CBR) test, creep test and unloading test are conducted on CDW filler. The engineering properties of different ratios of CDW mixture are systematically analyzed, the CBR value of CDW filler meets the requirements of an embankment. The creep type of CDW filler under a test load is stable creep, the results of the creep characteristics are analyzed from a microscopic point of view. The filler with a 7:2:1 ratio (brick slag: concrete: mortar) has the densest structure, which is dense and less porous, and the deformation is the smallest. Reasonable proportion control is the key to reducing embankment deformation. The improved Burgers model, which can better describe the creep characteristics of CDW filler, and the effects of load and ratio on the creep parameters are analyzed using the equivalent creep compliance. This study is of great significance for the promotion of CDW and meets the requirements of sustainable development.Sustainability 2020, 12, 1924 2 of 22 for the adverse effects of recycled aggregates [12][13][14]. When recycled aggregate is used to produce recycled asphalt, Subhy et al. [15] and Menegusso et al. [16] have studied the effects of its content and treatment method on fatigue performance. In addition, recycled aggregates are used for roadbed fillers, Javier et al. [17] found that the bearing capacity of the recycled aggregates increased with time in the structural layer, which is inconsistent with the trend of natural aggregates. Vegas et al. [18] and Yin et al. [19] studied the properties of recycled concrete applied to an embankment and introduced its permanent deformation characteristics.The application of CDW materials to embankments has great economic and environmental benefits, but the composition of recycled CDW material is complex, and its settlement after construction is difficult to predict and control, therefore, a study into its creep characteristics and mechanisms is urgently needed. The CDW mixture belongs to coarse-grained materials and the creep deformation of coarse-grained materials can be divided into stable creep and unstable creep types, according to the magnitude of stress [20,21]. The rheological curve of coarse-grained materials can be divided into three stages: linear, decaying rheology, and stability [22]. With the increase in dam height, the particle breakage of the rockfill in the rock dam increased significantly, and the particle breakage directly changed the rockfill structure [23,24]. From their triaxial creep shear test, Jiang et al. concluded that particle motion, rotation, and damage are the main causes of coarse-grained material deformation [25]. In addition to the time-dependent strain under a constant load, changes in the external environment tend to have a large effect on creep deformation, especially as immersion i...

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“…As far as the weakness of the grain contacts of calcareous sands as compared to quartz sands is concerned, much evidence has shown that an admixture of rubber chips in sands from recycled scrap tires is useful for absorbing the energy at grain contacts, in particular, under dynamic loads [11,12]. As a matter of fact, the number of disposed tires in China exceeds 50 million per year [13], and thus there is a very large stock of rubber particles from recycled tires.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Laboratory Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of a Rubber–Calcareous Sand Mixture: The Effect of Rubber Content

2020

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This paper introduces a rubber–calcareous sand mixture as a lightweight building material in offshore engineering. The mechanical properties of mixtures of varying rubber contents were investigated by performing a one-dimensional (1-D) compression test in a modified oedometer cell, as well as a resonant column test. A discussion on the test results, along with detailed interpretations regarding the role of rubber chips in the mixtures, are provided. It was found that the virgin compression curves of the rubber–calcareous sand mixtures tended to converge at a certain stress level, whilst the stress level depended on the rubber content. Moreover, the relative breakage was examined by comparing the particle size distribution curves of the calcareous sand before and after the compression test. It was shown that the grain crushing of calcareous sand was less remarkable with the inclusion of rubber chips. Furthermore, the small strain shear modulus (G0) of the mixtures decreased with the rubber content, yet the modulus reduction and damping curves exhibited little difference for the specimens of varying rubber contents.

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Compression properties and micro-mechanisms of rubber-sand particle mixtures considering grain breakage

Cited by 60 publications

References 41 publications

Application of material from used car tyres in geotechnics—an environmental impact analysis

Application of material from used car tyres in geotechnics—an environmental impact analysis

Investigation into Creep Characteristics and Model of Recycled Construction and Demolition Waste Used in Embankment Filler

Laboratory Investigation of the Mechanical Properties of a Rubber–Calcareous Sand Mixture: The Effect of Rubber Content

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