Computation Offloading and Content Caching Delivery in Vehicular Edge Computing: A Survey

Abstract

Autonomous Vehicles (AVs) generated a plethora of data prior to support various vehicle applications. Thus, a big storage and high computation platform is necessary, and this is possible with the presence of Cloud Computing (CC). However, the computation for vehicular networks at the cloud computing suffers from several drawbacks, such as latency and cost, due to the proximity issue. As a solution, the computing capability has been recently proposed at the edge of vehicular networks, which is known as Vehicle Edge Computing (VEC). This leads to other open problems for vehicles to offload and compute data at edge nodes, and also how data is cached in edge nodes and then disseminated to other vehicles. In this paper, we initially present an overview of VEC architectures including types of layers, fog nodes, communication technologies and also vehicle applications, which are used in data offloading and dissemination scenarios. Since the mobility is critical on the VEC performance, the mobility model used in the VEC scenario is also discussed. We extensively review the Computation Offloading (ComOf) techniques as well as Content Caching and Delivery (CachDel) approaches for VEC. We finally highlight some key research challenges, issues and future works in the paper.

Applications of Game Theory in Vehicular Networks: A Survey

“…Besides, some survey papers focused on the standard protocols of VNs, such as the Dedicated Short-Range Communication (DSRC) technology [36], Long Term Evolution (LTE) standard [37], and IEEE 802.11 p standard [38]. With the development of the proposed Fifth-Generation (5G) communication architecture [39], recent surveys are targeted at the integration of specific technologies with VNs, including vehicular cloud computing [40], [41], Vehicular Edge Computing (VEC) [42], [43], big-data-driven VNs [44], Software Defined Networks (SDN) [45], Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAV)-assisted VNs [46], and Heterogeneous Vehicular Networks (HetVNs) [47], [48]. However, these studies mainly focus on characteristics, requirements, attacks, and corresponding solutions for VNs, but with little coverage on the contradiction or trade-off problems of decision makings in resources-limited VNs.…”

Dynamics in Coded Edge Computing for IoT: A Fractional Evolutionary Game Approach

“…They provide insight into the horizontal edge federation for coded distributed computing. On the other hand, vertical integration in terms of content caching and computation offloading are proposed in [31], [32], by which frequent content duplication can be reduced [33] and the power and computation limitation of an edge device can be mitigated. In [20], the integration of edge cloud from both horizontal and vertical perspectives is studied.…”

Game Theoretic Approaches in Vehicular Networks: A Survey

“…The researchers in [13] gave a comprehensive overview covering the fundamentals of VNs and the three security-related topics: security, privacy, and trust. With the development of the proposed fifth-generation (5G) communication architecture [14], some surveys targeted at the specific technologies integrating with VNs including vehicular edge computing (VEC) [15], [16], big-data-driven VNs [17], Vehicular cloud networks [18], unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV)-assisted VNs [19], and heterogeneous vehicular networks (HVNETs) [20], [21]. However, these papers mainly focus on characteristics, requirements, attacks, and corresponding solutions for VNs but with little coverage on challenges of decision making mentioned above in VNs.…”

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“…From the perspective of the participating nodes, edge nodes are commonly characterized into stationary edge nodes and vehicular edge nodes [16], which are at the stationary edge node layer and vehicular edge node layer, respectively.…”