Computational Aerodynamics: Solvers and Shape Optimization

Martinelli, Luigi; Jameson, Antony

doi:10.1115/1.4007649

Cited by 15 publications

(9 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…We simulate the dynamics of the flow at the blade‐to‐turbine scales using the full URANS equations and a Menter's two‐equation shear stress transport k − ω turbulence model for closure, which is known to produce realistic results in separated flows. The URANS equations are discretized by a numerical scheme of second‐order accuracy in space and time, which has been extensively validated over the course of the last 25 years . The URANS solver used in this work has been recently detailed and validated for VAWTs against highly resolved Particle Image Velocimetry (PIV) measurements .…”

Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and wake analysis of a single vertical axis wind turbine

et al. 2016

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Because of several design advantages and operational characteristics, particularly in offshore farms, vertical axis wind turbines (VAWTs) are being reconsidered as a complementary technology to horizontal axial turbines. However, considerable gaps remain in our understanding of VAWT performance since cross‐flow rotor configurations have been significantly less studied than axial turbines. This study examines the wakes of VAWTs and how their evolution is influenced by turbine design parameters. An actuator line model is implemented in an atmospheric boundary layer large eddy simulation code, with offline coupling to a high‐resolution blade‐scale unsteady Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes model. The large eddy simulation captures the turbine‐to‐farm scale dynamics, while the unsteady Reynolds‐averaged Navier–Stokes captures the blade‐to‐turbine scale flow. The simulation results are found to be in good agreement with three existing experimental datasets. Subsequently, a parametric study of the flow over an isolated VAWT, carried out by varying solidities, height‐to‐diameter aspect ratios and tip speed ratios, is conducted. The analyses of the wake area and velocity and power deficits yield an improved understanding of the downstream evolution of VAWT wakes, which in turn enables a more informed selection of turbine designs for wind farms. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

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Section: Numerical Modelsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Simulation and wake analysis of a single vertical axis wind turbine

et al. 2016

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“…Similarly, various computational solvers are employed based on their desired solution accuracy and computational cost [53]. Researchers have conducted various aerodynamic and structural optimization studies, including design studies of different surfaces (components) of the wing, such as its upper surface, trailing edge or leading edge.…”

Section: Literature Surveymentioning

confidence: 99%

Aerodynamic Design Optimization of a Morphing Leading Edge and Trailing Edge Airfoil–Application on the UAS-S45

et al. 2021

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This work presents an aerodynamic optimization method for a Droop Nose Leading Edge (DNLE) and Morphing Trailing Edge (MTE) of a UAS-S45 root airfoil by using Bezier-PARSEC parameterization. The method is performed using a hybrid optimization technique based on a Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) algorithm combined with a Pattern Search algorithm. This is needed to provide an efficient exploitation of the potential configurations obtained by the PSO algorithm. The drag minimization and the endurance maximization were investigated for these configurations individually as two single-objective optimization functions. The aerodynamic calculations in the optimization framework were performed using the XFOIL solver with flow transition estimation criteria, and these results were next validated with a Computational Fluid Dynamics solver using the Transition Shear Stress Transport (SST) turbulence model. The optimization was conducted at different flight conditions. Both the DNLE and MTE optimized airfoils showed a significant improvement in the overall aerodynamic performance, and MTE airfoils increased the efficiency of CL3/2/CD by 10.25%, indicating better endurance performance. Therefore, both DNLE and MTE configurations show promising results in enhancing the aerodynamic efficiency of the UAS-S45 airfoil.

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“…Designing for AM requires a completely different methodology, one in which optimization may play a pivotal role. Martinelli and Jameson [22] provided a detailed overview of the natural link between optimization and computational aerodynamics; shape optimization for airfoil design, for example, began in the 1970 s.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Experimental Investigation of Numerically Optimized Wavy Microchannels Created Through Additive Manufacturing

Kirsch

Thole

2017

Journal of Turbomachinery

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The increased design space offered by additive manufacturing (AM) can inspire unique ideas and different modeling approaches. One tool for generating complex yet effective designs is found in numerical optimization schemes, but until relatively recently, the capability to physically produce such a design had been limited by manufacturing constraints. In this study, a commercial adjoint optimization solver was used in conjunction with a conventional flow solver to optimize the design of wavy microchannels, the end use of which can be found in gas turbine airfoil skin cooling schemes. Three objective functions were chosen for two baseline wavy channel designs: minimize the pressure drop between channel inlet and outlet, maximize the heat transfer on the channel walls, and maximize the ratio between heat transfer and pressure drop. The optimizer was successful in achieving each objective and generated significant geometric variations from the baseline study. The optimized channels were additively manufactured using direct metal laser sintering (DMLS) and printed reasonably true to the design intent. Experimental results showed that the high surface roughness in the channels prevented the objective to minimize pressure loss from being fulfilled. However, where heat transfer was to be maximized, the optimized channels showed a corresponding increase in Nusselt number.

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Computational Aerodynamics: Solvers and Shape Optimization

Cited by 15 publications

References 123 publications

Simulation and wake analysis of a single vertical axis wind turbine

Simulation and wake analysis of a single vertical axis wind turbine

Aerodynamic Design Optimization of a Morphing Leading Edge and Trailing Edge Airfoil–Application on the UAS-S45

Experimental Investigation of Numerically Optimized Wavy Microchannels Created Through Additive Manufacturing

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