Computational Analysis of Darcy–Forchheimer Flow of Cu/Al–Al2O3 Hybrid Nanofluid in Water over a Heated Stretchable Plate with Nonlinear Radiation

Abstract

The aim of this study is to examine the Darcy–Forchheimer flow = of H2O-based Al−Al2O3/Cu−Al2O3 hybrid nanofluid past a heated stretchable plate including heat consumption/ generation and non-linear radiation impacts. The governing flow equations are formulated using the Naiver–Stokes equation. These flow equations are re-framed by using the befitted transformations. The MATLAB bvp4c scheme is utilized to compute the converted flow equations numerically. The graphs, tables, and charts display the vicissitudes in the hybrid nanofluid velocity, hybrid nanofluid temperature, skin friction coefficient, and local Nusselt number via relevant flow factors. It can be seen that the hybrid nanofluid velocity decreased as the magnetic field parameter was increased. The hybrid nanofluid temperature tended to rise as the heat absorption/generation, nanoparticle volume friction, and nonlinear radiation parameters were increased. The surface drag force decreased when the quantity of the magnetic parameter increased. The larger size of the radiation parameter led to enrichment of the heat transmission gradient.

Magnetohydrodynamic bioconvective flow past an elongated surface with convective heat transport, and velocity slip in a non‐Darcian porous regime

“…To get to know how radiation affects MHD-free convective mass transport in viscous flow across a stretchy surface, Nalivela et al 37 conducted investigations. The motion of CNTs based on water and kerosene across a Riga surface under convective heating and radiation circumstances was explained by Prabakaran et al, 38 Rajupillai et al, 39 Alessa et al, 40 Sindhu et al, 41 Kayikci et al, 42 Sajid et al, [43][44][45] Fangfang et al, 46 and Senthilvadivu et al 47 studied the thermal radiation effects for different aspects.…”