Computational and Experimental Design of Fe-Based Superalloys for Elevated-Temperature Applications

Abstract

Analogous to nickel-based superalloys, Fe-based superalloys, which are strengthened by coherent B2type precipitates are proposed for elevated-temperature applications. During the period of this project, a series of ferritic superalloys have been designed and fabricated by methods of vacuum-arc melting and vacuum-induction melting. Nano-scale precipitates were characterized by atom-probe tomography, ultrasmall-angle X-ray scattering, and transmission-electron microscopy. A duplex distribution of precipitates was found. It seems that ferritic superalloys are susceptible to brittle fracture. Systematic endeavors have been devoted to understanding and resolving the problem. Factors, such as hot rolling, precipitate volume fractions, alloy compositions, precipitate sizes and inter-particle spacings, and hyperfine cooling precipitates, have been investigated. In order to understand the underlying relationship between the microstructure and creep behavior of ferric alloys at elevated temperatures, in-situ neutron studies have been carried out. Based on the current result, it seems that the major role of β΄ with a 16%-volume fraction in strengthening ferritic alloys is not load sharing but interactions with dislocations. The oxidation behavior of one ferritic alloy, FBB8 (Fe-6.5Al-10Ni-10Cr-3.4Mo-0.25Zr-0.005B, weight percent), was studied in dry air. It is found that it possesses superior oxidation resistance at 1,023 and 1,123 K, compared with other creep-resistant ferritic steels [T91 (modified 9Cr-1Mo, weight percent) and P92 (9Cr-1.8W-0.5Mo, weight percent)]. At the same time, the calculation of the interfacial energies between the -iron and B2-type intermetallics (CoAl, FeAl, and NiAl) has been conducted.

Nano-sized precipitate stability and its controlling factors in a NiAl-strengthened ferritic alloy

“…It is interesting to notice that γ at 700 °C is almost at the upper limit of interfacial energy for coherent interface (~200 mJ/m 2 ) 51 . Ghosh 52 calculated γ between α-Fe and NiAl by first principles and the computational results (~100, 120, and 250 mJ/m 2 for {110}, {111}, and {100} habits, respectively) are comparable with the present value at 700 °C.…”