Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations of Mitral Paravalvular Leaks in Human Heart

Wojtas, Krzysztof; Kozłowski, Michał; Orciuch, Wojciech; Makowski, Łukasz

doi:10.3390/ma14237354

Cited by 5 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 41 publications

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“…The information obtained thanks to imaging methods allowed for the visualization of stenoses and the creation of accurate CFD simulation models. CFD simulations can be a valuable tool in a wide range of blood flows in the circulatory system [10,27,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73], providing valuable information for physicians. CFD can provide information on high shear stress [10,[63][64][65], which is one of the factors causing blood hemolysis, which negatively affects patients' health [74].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…CFD simulations can be a valuable tool in a wide range of blood flows in the circulatory system [10,27,[63][64][65][66][67][68][69][70][71][72][73], providing valuable information for physicians. CFD can provide information on high shear stress [10,[63][64][65], which is one of the factors causing blood hemolysis, which negatively affects patients' health [74]. In addition, computational methods allow for the improvement of stents [75][76][77][78][79][80][81][82] used in PCI, or allow one to obtain "virtual" results of FFR measurements [83][84][85][86][87][88].…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Prediction of Hemodynamic-Related Hemolysis in Carotid Stenosis and Aiding in Treatment Planning and Risk Stratification Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Jędrzejczak,

Orciuch,

Wojtas

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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Atherosclerosis affects human health in many ways, leading to disability or premature death due to ischemic heart disease, stroke, or limb ischemia. Poststenotic blood flow disruption may also play an essential role in artery wall impairment linked with hemolysis related to shear stress. The maximum shear stress in the atherosclerotic plaque area is the main parameter determining hemolysis risk. In our work, a 3D internal carotid artery model was built from CT scans performed on patients qualified for percutaneous angioplasty due to its symptomatic stenosis. The obtained stenosis geometries were used to conduct a series of computer simulations to identify critical parameters corresponding to the increase in shear stress in the arteries. Stenosis shape parameters responsible for the increase in shear stress were determined. The effect of changes in the carotid artery size, length, and degree of narrowing on the change in maximum shear stress was demonstrated. Then, a correlation for the quick initial diagnosis of atherosclerotic stenoses regarding the risk of hemolysis was developed. The developed relationship for rapid hemolysis risk assessment uses information from typical non-invasive tests for treated patients. Practical guidelines have been developed regarding which stenosis shape parameters pose a risk of hemolysis, which may be adapted in medical practice.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Prediction of Hemodynamic-Related Hemolysis in Carotid Stenosis and Aiding in Treatment Planning and Risk Stratification Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Jędrzejczak,

Orciuch,

Wojtas

et al. 2023

Biomedicines

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“…Many cardiovascular diseases are already of wide interest for in vitro studies. These include stenosis [ 1 ], mitral regurgitation [ 2 ], hemolysis [ 3 ], and paravalvular leaks [ 4 , 5 ] (which all may occur following heart valve replacement surgery), as well as pathologies affecting venous valves [ 6 ] or stents [ 7 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Particle Image Velocimetry of 3D-Printed Anatomical Blood Vascular Models Affected by Atherosclerosis

et al. 2023

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Improvements in the diagnosis and treatment of cardiovascular diseases facilitate a better understanding of the ongoing process. The study of biomedical fluid dynamics using non-intrusive visualizing methods on a micro-scale has become possible using a proper 3D inkjet printing process. The computed tomography scan of a patient with atherosclerosis was processed, and a 3D-printed artery with an inlet diameter of 4.2 mm was developed and measured using three different constant flow rates. To mimic blood, a solution of glycerin and water was used. The procedure to obtain a proper 3D-printed model using low-force stereolithography technology with high-quality optical access usable for PIV was described and discussed. The paper presents the results of PIV as multi-stitched, color-coded vector maps from the axis cross section along the whole 3D-printed model. The obtained data allowed a resolution of 100 × 100 µm per single vector to be achieved. Furthermore, the results of the stitched 16 base images of the artery and the 3D-printed model prepared were included. The results of this study show that 3D prints allow for the creation of the desired geometry and can be used to investigate severe pathologies of the human circulatory system. The strengths and weaknesses of this methodology were discussed and compared to other techniques used to obtain transparent objects.

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“…It would allow for earlier diagnosis of adverse phenomena related to the circulatory system's work or other cardiovascular diseases, for example, paravalvular leaks. [30][31][32] Atherosclerosis is one of the most common diseases, which may cause an increase in the risk of hemolysis in the area of high-shear stress. The cholesterol plaques decrease the area available for blood to flow, increasing the local blood velocity and wall shear stress.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The mentioned Population Balance Based Rheology (PBBR) model reconstructs in silico the physiological behavior of blood in the in vivo environment and thus making it hopefully possible to use CFD simulations of atherosclerotic lesions to assess a patient's health in the near future. It would allow for earlier diagnosis of adverse phenomena related to the circulatory system's work or other cardiovascular diseases, for example, paravalvular leaks 30–32 …”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hemolysis of red blood cells in blood vessels modeled via computational fluid dynamics

Jędrzejczak

Makowski

Orciuch

et al. 2023

Numer Methods Biomed Eng

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The research aims to verify the universal relationship between vessel shape and the risk of hemolysis using a rheological model of blood reflecting the physiological processes related to blood for any blood vessel. Blood is a multi‐component fluid, the rheology of which depends on many factors, such as the concentration of red blood cells and local shear stress, which significantly affect the process of hemolysis. Blood rheology models used so far cannot be used for all flows and geometries. Therefore, a new rheology model has been introduced suitable for modeling hemolytic flows observed in arteries with atherosclerotic lesions in the in vivo environment. The previously presented model also has advantages in modeling local viscosity in stenosis. Geometries of the blood vessels from computed tomography scans and simplified models of the actual arteries observed during medical procedures were used in the calculations. Population Balance Based Rheology model predicts the concentration of single, deagglomerated red blood cells and the concentration and size of red blood cell agglomerates, which affect blood rheology and hemolysis. Based on the simulations carried out, a correlation was found between the shape of the vessel cavity and the risk of hemolysis. Presented results can be used in the future to create a correlation between the shape of the atherosclerotic lesions and the risk of hemolysis in the blood to make an initial risk assessment for a given patient.

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Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations of Mitral Paravalvular Leaks in Human Heart

Cited by 5 publications

References 41 publications

Prediction of Hemodynamic-Related Hemolysis in Carotid Stenosis and Aiding in Treatment Planning and Risk Stratification Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Prediction of Hemodynamic-Related Hemolysis in Carotid Stenosis and Aiding in Treatment Planning and Risk Stratification Using Computational Fluid Dynamics

Particle Image Velocimetry of 3D-Printed Anatomical Blood Vascular Models Affected by Atherosclerosis

Hemolysis of red blood cells in blood vessels modeled via computational fluid dynamics

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