“…The FE 2 method has its origins in solid mechanics, [31], [46], [47], [48], [28], [27], [55], and has found considerable interest in academia and industry; as a versatile method FE 2 has been used in non-linear problems of elasticity and inelasticity. For recent, comprehensive overviews of the FE 2 method we refer to [30], [61] and [56]. In order to account for size-dependency observed in materials science, Kouznetsova et al [41], [42] have introduced a second-order homogenization into FE 2 .…”