Computer based steganography: How it works and why therefore any restrictions on cryptography are nonsense, at best

Franz, Elke; Jerichow, Anja; Möller, Steffen; Pfitzmann, Andreas; Stierand, Ingo

doi:10.1007/3-540-61996-8_28

Cited by 50 publications

(15 citation statements)

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“…The idea of adaptive embedding, where each cover element is assigned a different embedding cost, dates to the early days of digital steganography [31]. A breakthrough technique was to use syndrome-trellis codes (STCs) [29], which solve certain versions of the adaptive embedding problem.…”

Section: Optimal Embeddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…This happens, for example, when tunnelling bilateral protocols through steganographic channels. Few publications have addressed the stream steganography problem (in analogy to stream ciphers) [31,52]. One interesting result is known for payload allocation in infinite streams with imperfect embedding (and applies only to an artificial setup where distortion is exactly square in the amount of payload per object): the higher the rate that payload is sent early, the lower the eventual asymptotic square root rate [52].…”

Section: Multiple Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…One occasionally reads, in mainstream media, of criminals hiding information in digital media ( [1,4], see [3] for other links) and, recently, of malware using it to conceal communications with command and control servers [5]. In the 1990s, the possibility of digital steganography served as an argument in debates about regulating cryptography, and it allegedly convinced some European governments to liberalize the use of cryptography [31]. We also read of the desire for certain privacy-enhancing technologies to use steganography to evade censorship [67].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Moving steganography and steganalysis from the laboratory into the real world

Ker

Bas

Böhme

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Information Hiding and Multimedia Security

216

118

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There has been an explosion of academic literature on steganography and steganalysis in the past two decades. With a few exceptions, such papers address abstractions of the hiding and detection problems, which arguably have become disconnected from the real world. Most published results, including by the authors of this paper, apply "in laboratory conditions" and some are heavily hedged by assumptions and caveats; significant challenges remain unsolved in order to implement good steganography and steganalysis in practice. This position paper sets out some of the important questions which have been left unanswered, as well as highlighting some that have already been addressed successfully, for steganography and steganalysis to be used in the real world.

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Section: Optimal Embeddingmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Multiple Objectsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Moving steganography and steganalysis from the laboratory into the real world

Ker

Bas

Böhme

et al. 2013

Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Information Hiding and Multimedia Security

216

118

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…This method exploits the technique of data hiding to bypass the watermark detector in the recorder. The method of attack is similar to a technique used in countries where the private use of cryptographic encryption is outlawed [11]. The copyrighted work is hidden in an innocent-looking file of a known recognized format.…”

Section: Attacks On the Copy Control Mechanismmentioning

confidence: 99%

Some general methods for tampering with watermarks

Cox

Linnartz²

1998

IEEE J. Select. Areas Commun.

192

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Watermarks allow embedded signals to be extracted from audio and video content for a variety of purposes. One application is for copyright control, where it is envisaged that digital video recorders will not permit the recording of content that is watermarked as "never copy". In such a scenario, it is important that the watermark survive both normal signal transformations and attempts to remove the watermark so that an illegal copy can be made. In this paper, we discuss to what extent a watermark can be resistant to tampering and describe a variety of possible attacks.

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“…Traditional hiding and steganography methods, e.g., [4,5] have the disadvantage that once their method is known, anyone can find the embedded message.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Audio and Optical Cryptography

Desmedt

Hou²,

Quisquater

1998

Lecture Notes in Computer Science

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Abstract. In visual cryptography the additive property of light is used. Also the shares are random and therefore suspect to a censor. In this paper we present two new cryptographic schemes which use music and the wave properties of light. Both schemes are also secret sharing schemes in which shares are music or images and are not suspect to a human censor. Our scheme guarantees perfect privacy as well as high quality. To decrypt the message, one just plays two shares on a stereo system. There are two decryption methods which are either based on the interference property of sound or based on the stereo perception of the human hearing system. In optical cryptography, we use pictures as covers and the wave interference property of light. The privacy is perfect and the modified images are non-suspicious. The Mach-Zehnder interferometer is used as the decryption machine.

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Computer based steganography: How it works and why therefore any restrictions on cryptography are nonsense, at best

Cited by 50 publications

References 1 publication

Moving steganography and steganalysis from the laboratory into the real world

Moving steganography and steganalysis from the laboratory into the real world

Some general methods for tampering with watermarks

Audio and Optical Cryptography

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