Computer simulation of nonlinear coupling of high-power microwaves with slots

Sieger, G.E.; Lee, J.H.; Mayhall, D.J.

doi:10.1109/27.31201

Cited by 26 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 3 publications

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“…Figure 1 shows the rectangular, 2D geometry for finite difference numerical solution of Eqs. (1)- (7). The third coordinate z extends out of the plane of the figure.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

<title>Calculational prediction of ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses by laser-initiated air avalanche switches</title>

Mayhall

Yee

1992

SPIE Proceedings

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The gas avalanche switch is a recently conceived, laser-activated, high-voltage, picosecond-speed switch. It basically consists of a set of pulse-charged electrodes immersed in a gas at high-pressure (2-800 atm). A picosecond-scale laser pulse initiates an avalanche discharge in the gas between the electrodes. With the proper configuration, the avalanche, which is fueled by the immense number of electrons available in the gas, causes the applied voltage to collapse in picoseconds and generates electromagnetic waves. A two-dimensional (2D) electron fluid computer code solves Maxwell's curl equations and a set of electron fluid equations for transverse magnetic (TM) modes in air between parallel plane conductors. Collision frequencies for ionization and momentum and energy exchange to neutral molecules are taken to scale directly with neutral pressure. Electrode charging and initial electron deposition are considered to be instarnaneous.Calculations are performed for a Blumlein pulse generator geometry, featuring a charged rectangular center electrode between grounded parallel plates spaced 2 mm apart. In one mode of operation, initial electrons are induced in the lower air gap, the gap between the center electrode and the lower plate. At 292 kV on the center electrode, 27 atm pressure, and uniform ionization under the full width of the center electrode, induced voltage pulses of 300 kV, 2.4 ps rise time, 9.1 p5 full width at half maximum (FWHM), 38 ps duration, and 22 GHz bandwidth at 3 dB occur at the ends ofthe parallel plates. Reduction ofthe initial electronnumber over eleven orders ofmagnitude has very little gross effect on these pulses. Concentration ofthe initial electrons into a narrow, centered column generally results in reductions in rise time, FWHM, and pulse duration, as well as increases in peak voltage. Movement of the narrow column to the extreme left of the center electrode causes the voltage pulses at the left and right sides of the parallel plates to differ somewhat in their characteristics.In a second mode of operation, slightly delayed laser pulses initiate avalanches in both the upper and lower air gaps. Voltage pulses of reduced widths (1 .1-1 .8 Ps FWHM) and amplitudes (7-5 1 kV) result from the interference of the opposite polarity electromagnetic waves generated in the two gaps.

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“…Figure 1 shows the rectangular, 2D geometry for finite difference numerical solution of Eqs. (1)- (7). The third coordinate z extends out of the plane of the figure.…”

Section: Governing Equationsmentioning

confidence: 97%

<title>Calculational prediction of ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses by laser-initiated air avalanche switches</title>

Mayhall

Yee

1992

SPIE Proceedings

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“…In this paper, we modeled the power shift phenomenon between HPEM system and receiving antenna in front-door coupling. Other traditional studies have several limitations in that they usually require excessive calculations for their accurate data results [4], [6]. This paper consists of three parts: 1) loss modeling; 2) simulation; and 3) summary.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Propagation Model of High-Power Electromagnetic Pulse by Using a Serial–Parallel Resistors Circuit

Lee

2014

IEEE Trans. Plasma Sci.

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The risk of high power electromagnetic (HPEM) pulse is dramatically increasing as the output of HPEM pulse increases and the affected electronic devices becomes smaller [1], [2]. There are largely two ways of coupling HPEM pulse: 1) front door coupling, which is through antennas and sensors to receive signals and 2) back-door coupling, which is through an unintended way, such as punctures and slots. In this paper, we modeled the loss phenomenon of HPEM pulse which happens when HPEM pulse radiated from HPEM system propagates to the receiving antenna. The loss circuit consists of serial-parallel resistors, each value of resistor is formularized as distance. Our modeling consists of two parts: 1) one-stage model, which means initial value for various applications and 2) nth-stage model, which means additional distances. Therefore, we could figure out the effect of HPEM on antenna as the propagation distance changes. After the due simulations, we confirm our hypothesis as the HPEM pulse which reaches to receiving antenna is consistent with the existing theory. This circuit modeling is very remarkable in that it understands two different HPEM system and propagation/receiving antenna as one whole system.

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“…Russell P. Jedlicka [2] researches that electromagnetic wave coupling into complex cavity through the tortuous path narrow slot apertures by using the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Moment Method (MOM). G. E. Sieger [3] studies the nonlinear coupling property of the high-power microwaves through slots. He Jian [4] analyzes the RF radiation from a PCB enclosed in a metallic box with an aperture.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A Simulation of The Electromagnetic Pulse Coupling with The Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) Inside A Mobile Handset

Zenghuan

Guo

Zhang

2008

2008 8th International Symposium on Antennas, Propagation and EM Theory

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Here, the process is simulated by using the finite-difference time-domain method when the electromagnetic pulse is coupled with the planar inverted F antenna in a mobile handset box. By the analysis for the intensity and energy of the electric field, the coupling characteristic is presented. It is concluded that the peak value of the electromagnetic pulse in the model box is very large and the power density is very strong. So it will bring some obvious effects on the mobile handset. It is also tested that the analysis method is helpful to understand the electromagnetic compatibility of a mobile antenna.

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Computer simulation of nonlinear coupling of high-power microwaves with slots

Cited by 26 publications

References 3 publications

<title>Calculational prediction of ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses by laser-initiated air avalanche switches</title>

<title>Calculational prediction of ultrawideband electromagnetic pulses by laser-initiated air avalanche switches</title>

Propagation Model of High-Power Electromagnetic Pulse by Using a Serial–Parallel Resistors Circuit

A Simulation of The Electromagnetic Pulse Coupling with The Planar Inverted F Antenna (PIFA) Inside A Mobile Handset

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