Computer simulation of sedimentation in meandering streams

Abstract

A dynamic mathematical model for simulation of sedimentation in meandering streams is briefly described. This is composed of component mathematical models which are formulated to predict the following aspects of the system for a given physical situation and a single time increment. ( I ) The characteristics of the plan form of the meander; (2) the movement of the meander in plan, and definition of cross-sections across the meander in which erosion and deposition are considered in detail; (3) the hydraulic properties of the channel in the bend and the erosional and depositional activity within the channel as defined in specific cross-sections;

A Computational Model to Simulate Groundwater Seepage Risk in Support of Geotechnical Investigations of Levee and Dam Projects

“…The combination of simultaneous lateral migration and vertical channel aggradation produced channeldeposit cross sections that slope upward in the direction of the channel migration. This phenomenon was observed in other studies predicting meandering-channel geometry (i.e., Bridge 1975;Gross and Small 1998) and is accentuated visually by the vertical exaggeration employed to illustrate a modeled cross section. The different experimental scenarios produced significant variations within the distributions of computed channel deposit dimensions ( Table 2).…”

Middle carboniferous marine transgression, Bjørnøya, Svalbard: facies sequences from an interplay of sea level changes and tectonics

“…The relief on such erosion surfaces is generally similar to that predicted theoretically by Bridge (1975). Most of the units appear sheetlike (>150 m) but some can be seen to wedgeout abruptly into the fine-grained units (Figure 3).…”

A 3D forward stratigraphic model of fluvial meander-bend evolution for prediction of point-bar lithofacies architecture

“…Furthermore, a numerical modelling approach importantly allows exploration of potential alternatives beyond traditional facies models, possibly for examples where no known natural case study yet exists (Bridge, 1975;Willis and Tang, 2010).Given that preserved bar deposits are fragmentary and because orientations of lateral-accretion bed-sets observed in the field are likely oblique to the trend of the original channel, it is not necessarily straightforward to reconstruct original channel geometry (true bedding dip) that is parallel to the bar-migration direction or orthogonal to the flow direction from the cross sections. Meanwhile, common limitations are also imposed by the scarcity of representative vertical sections exposed in the field.…”

“…This process, and associated helical river flow within the channel, favours the accumulation of a fining-upward vertical lithofacies succession composed of a suite of primary sedimentary structures that can be related to specific formative processes on different parts of the inner channel bank (Allen, 1970;Bridge, 1975;Jackson, 1976). Within the model, discrete lithofacies are assigned as an association that occurs in a predictable vertical succession.…”