Middle carboniferous marine transgression, Bjørnøya, Svalbard: facies sequences from an interplay of sea level changes and tectonics

Gjelberg, J.; Steel, Ronald J.

doi:10.1002/gj.3350180102

Cited by 24 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 18 publications

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“…Deposition of non‐marine red beds commenced around the Serpukhovian/Bashkirian transition in locally reactivated half‐grabens following regional mid‐Serpukhovian uplift (Gjelberg & Steel 1981, 1983; Johannessen & Steel 1992; Worsley et al. 2001).…”

Section: Late Devonian–mid‐permian: Evolution Of a Carbonate Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

The post-Caledonian development of Svalbard and the western Barents Sea

Worsley¹

2008

Polar Research

221

192

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The Barents Shelf, stretching from the Arctic Ocean to the coasts of northern Norway and Russia, and from the Norwegian-Greenland Sea to Novaya Zemlya, covers two major geological provinces. This review concentrates on the western province, with its complex mosaic of basins and platforms. A growing net of coverage by seismic data, almost 70 deep hydrocarbon exploration wells and a series of shallow coring programmes, have contributed greatly to our understanding of this province, supplementing information from neighbouring land areas. The late Paleozoic to present-day development of the region can be described in terms of five major depositional phases. These partly reflect the continuing northwards movement of this segment of the Eurasian plate from the equatorial zone in the mid-Devonian-early Carboniferous up to its present-day High Arctic latitudes, resulting in significant climatic changes through time. Important controls on sedimentation have involved varying tectonic processes along the eastern, northern and western margins of the shelf, whereas short-and long-term local and regional sea-level variations have further determined the depositional history of the province.

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Section: Late Devonian–mid‐permian: Evolution Of a Carbonate Platformmentioning

confidence: 99%

The post-Caledonian development of Svalbard and the western Barents Sea

Worsley¹

2008

Polar Research

221

192

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“…Similar ageequivalent, greenish-gray sandstones with a micritic matrix from the Landnørdingsvika Formation of Bjørnøya (Fig. 2) have also been interpreted as tidal-flat sandstones (Gjelberg & Steel, 1983).…”

Section: Figure 7 Lithostratigraphy Lithology Fabrics and Depositional Units Of Section Malte Brunfjellet 1 (Mb1) The Microfacies Analysimentioning

confidence: 87%

“…The sediments of the Inner Hornsund Trough in southern Spitsbergen are not considered in this study as their depositional history in the Upper Carboniferous Hyrnefjellet and Treskelodden formations (Treskelen Subgroup) with dominating terrestrial sediments reflects a somewhat different depositional evolution than the remaining depositional centers on Spitsbergen. On Bjørnøya, age-equivalent sediments are found in the West Bjørnøya Trough (Gjelberg & Steel, 1983). In the following, the early Late Carboniferous history of three northern Spitsbergen troughs (St. Jonsfjorden, Billefjorden, Lomfjorden troughs) is described (Figs.…”

Section: Lomfjorden Troughmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Interpretation: The dark-gray to black, laminated or nodular limestones represent calcrete or caliche, a typical paleosol, which forms due to terrestrial accumulation of carbonate at or close to the surface down to the groundwater table (Wright, 2007). Contemporaneous caliche formation is described in the upper parts of the Brøggertinden and Petrellskaret formations from the St. Jonsfjorden Trough (Ludwig, 1990;Dallmann et al, 1999), and from the Landnørdingsvika Formation (Gjelberg & Steel, 1983) and the Bogevika Member of the Kapp Kåre Formation on Bjørnøya (Stemmerik & Worsley, 2000), as well as from the Sverdrup Basin (Theriault & Desrochers, 1993). Caliche formation has not been reported from the Billefjorden Trough.…”

Section: Occurrence and Associationmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, a western opening of the Lomfjorden Trough to the Billefjorden Trough would be contradictory to the westward thinning of the Malte Brunfjellet Formation (Miloslavskij et al, 1998) and an eastward thinning of time-equivalent strata (Ebbadalen Formation) in the Billefjorden Trough (Lønøy, 1995;McCann & Dallmann, 1996). Paleogeographic reconstructions also suggest a paleohigh (Ny-Friesland High) between the Billefjorden Trough and the Lomfjorden Trough during Bashkirian times (Gjelberg & Steel, 1983;Lønøy, 1995). A part of this highland area could have been formed by the Ekkoknausane Granite and the Newtontoppen Granite (Fig.…”

Section: Depositional History Of the Malte Brunfjellet Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

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From terrestrial to shallow-marine depositional environments: reconstruction of the depositional environments during the Late Carboniferous transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough in NE Spitsbergen (Malte Brunfjellet Formation)

Scheibner¹,

Blomeier²,

Forke³

et al. 2015

NJG

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Sedimentary rocks of the Upper Carboniferous Malte Brunfjellet Formation are investigated in five sections, located on a N-S-oriented transect along the Lomfjorden Fault Zone in eastern Spitsbergen. Results of facies and microfacies analysis led to a redefinition of the Malte Brunfjellet Formation, and formerly unspecified Carboniferous sedimentary rocks in the investigated area are now assigned to this formation. In the northern part of the Lomfjorden Trough, the Malte Brunfjellet Formation consists of a 41 m-thick, cyclic succession with variegated shales at the base and tidal flat sandstones or dolomites at the top. They are conformably deposited on gray, siliciclastic deposits of the Billefjorden Group, and in turn conformably overlain by the limestone succession of the Wordiekammen Formation. The cyclicity and overall sedimentary development of the mixed clastic/ carbonate succession indicate coastal plain to sabkha environments controlled by high-frequency sea-level fluctuations. In the southern Lomfjorden Trough, the Malte Brunfjellet strata, resting unconformably on Neoproterozoic basement rocks, comprise a basal, 13 m-thick, siliciclastic interbedding of distinct red shales, siltstones and sandstones, reflecting alluvial to fluvial environments under warm, semi-arid climatic conditions. The redbed succession is separated by a 32 m-thick scree-covered interval from a 15 m-thick, cyclic intercalation of grayish sandstones, caliche horizons, and shallow-marine, near-shore limestones, forming the upper part of the formation. The deposits reflect a development into a coastal plain controlled by sea-level fluctuations and an overall rising sea level. This lateral facies variation with shallow-marine environments in the north and alluvial to near-shore environments in the south reflect a successive transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough from northerly directions. Biostratigraphy of smaller foraminfers and cyclostratigraphy indicate a Bashkirian age for the marine sediments deposited in the upper part of the Malte Brunfjellet Formation. The marine sediments in the Lomfjorden Trough are contemporaneous with shallow-marine deposits in the Billefjorden and the St. Jonsfjorden troughs in central and western Spitsbergen. They mark the first, nearly Spitsbergen-wide, transgression, which resulted in the Svalbardwide deposition of the shallow-marine carbonates of the Wordiekammen Formation.

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Eocene sheetflood systems and transitional fan‐deltas, Southern Pyrenees, Spain

Meulen¹

1986

Geological Journal

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The Eocene Monllobat and Castigaleu Formations in the Southern Pyrenees consist of continental and shallow marine deposits respectively. The Monllobat Formation contains conglomerate sheets with sandstone tails, symmetrical channel fills with wings and various types of lobes, accreted laterally in channels as well as by progradation. These deposits are intercalated in large amounts of flat-bedded silt and mudstone with mottling and caliche.The high energy alluvial flow, which deposited these sediments, was initially at right angles to the axis of the elongated basin, becoming near parallel to the axis distally. The deposits are less gravelly distally. Upstream wide, gravelly braidplains were developed. Gravel lobes and muddy sheetfloods prograded over the distal floodplain. Meandering rivers were restricted to a marginal position in the sheetflood environment.The Castigaleu Formation consists of mudstone with intercalations of sandstone. Lobes of conglomerate and sandstone dominate the contact zone with the Monllobat Formation. Flat sandstone layers with tabular cross beds and parallel lamination and massive sandstone beds are distributed throughout the other parts.The lobes were formed at the coastline during high energy inflow in the marine basin. Flow deceleration caused the deposition of the coarsest load at this site, building a wedge with an inclined front during major aggradation and progradation. The other deposition types originated during hyperpycnal inflow in a marine environment. Massive sandstones originated partly because of bioturbation. Reworking by physical marine processes did not occur. Synsedimentary tectonics determined the type of sedimentation at times.

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Middle carboniferous marine transgression, Bjørnøya, Svalbard: facies sequences from an interplay of sea level changes and tectonics

Cited by 24 publications

References 18 publications

The post-Caledonian development of Svalbard and the western Barents Sea

The post-Caledonian development of Svalbard and the western Barents Sea

From terrestrial to shallow-marine depositional environments: reconstruction of the depositional environments during the Late Carboniferous transgression of the Lomfjorden Trough in NE Spitsbergen (Malte Brunfjellet Formation)

Eocene sheetflood systems and transitional fan‐deltas, Southern Pyrenees, Spain

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