CONCENTRACIONES ANESTÉSICA DEL EUGENOL EN PECES ESCALARES (Pterophyllum scalare)

Abstract

RESUMENEl eugenol (aceite de clavo) es un compuesto que ha sido ampliamente utilizado como anestésico en peces debido a sus cortos tiempos de inducción y recuperación. El objetivo del estudio fue determinar la concentración anestésica efectiva del eugenol en 40 peces escalares (Pterophyllum scalare) bajo condiciones de laboratorio. Los animales fueron expuestos a cuatro concentraciones de la solución anestésica (20, 30, 40 y 50 mg/L de eugenol) y las observaciones se hicieron en los estadios de inducción a la anestesia (I, II, III) y recuperación (I, II, III, IV). Los animales expuestos a las mayores concentraciones de eugenol (40 y 50 mg/L) entraron rápidamente en inducción; sin embargo, fueron los que más tardaron en recuperarse (p<0.05). En una concentración de 20 mg/L se induce anestesia ligera en peces escalares (estadio I de anestesia), en tanto que una concentración de 50 mg/L se induce un estadio de anestesia avanzado (III). La concentración anestésica más efectiva fue de 40 mg/L de eugenol para alevinos de peces escalares.Palabras clave: peces ornamentales, anestesia, eugenol, escalares ABSTRACT Eugenol (clove oil) has been widely used as an anaesthetic in fishes due to low induction and recovery times. The aim of this study was to assess the anaesthetic concentration of eugenol in 40 angel fish (Pterophyllum scalare) under laboratory conditions. The animals were exposed to four concentrations of eugenol (20,30, 40 and 50 mg/L). Observations of the anaesthetics induction (phase I, II, and III) and recovery (phase I, II, III, and IV) were registered. The animals exposed to the higher concentrations of eugenol (40 and 50 mg/L) reached in a short time the first induction anaesthetic stage but had the longer recovery time (p<0.05). The 20 mg/L concentration of eugenol induce

Menthol as anaesthetic for red‐bellied pacu (Piaractus brachypomus) and its effect onHIF1aandGlucoRgene expression

“…Hyperactivity was observed in experimental fish in our experiment which have been previously reported by Souza et al., (2014) in pacu ( Piaractus mesopotamicus ) and Sanchez et al. (2014) in cacharas ( Pseudoplatystoma reticulatum ) using menthol as anaesthetic and by Millán‐Ocampo et al (2012) in angelfish ( Pterophyllum scalare ) using eugenol. In case of menthol, Kasai et al.…”

“…After anaesthesia, fish were transferred individually to another anaesthetic‐free aquarium of 24 L assigned to recovery times, and the temperature of the water was the same as mentioned above. Anaesthesia induction (I, II, III, IV) and recovery (I, II, III, IV) stages were based on Millán‐Ocampo et al (2012), and the time for each stage was measured by using a digital stopwatch (Table 1).…”

“…All stock solutions were prepared few minutes before the start of each experiment and added to anaesthetic tanks. Two experimental groups were set, menthol group (50 mg/L) and eugenol group (40 mg/L) with concentrations based on previous experiments in our laboratory (Millán‐Ocampo et al, 2012; Zapata, Rueda, & Rondón‐Barragán, 2018). Fish were individually anesthetized by immersion in a glass tank with the dissolved anaesthetic until they reach the general anaesthesia stage.…”

“…Fish were individually anesthetized by immersion in a glass tank with the dissolved anaesthetic until they reach the general anaesthesia stage. Anaesthesia induction stages were based on Millán‐Ocampo et al (2012), and the time for each stage was measured by using a digital stopwatch. When the fish were under general anaesthesia, weight and length were measured, and the blood was collected by caudal venipuncture and transferred into aseptic capped tubes and stored at −20°C.…”

“…In opposite, natural anaesthetics are low cost, environmentally friendly and show low toxicity (Purbosari et al., 2019). They include natural agents such as menthol and eugenol (Braz, Silva, Tesser, Sampaio, & Rodrigues, 2017; Millán‐Ocampo et al, 2012). The aim of the present study was to assess the anaesthetic concentration of menthol and the transcription of the genes hypoxia‐inducible factor 1 alpha ( HIF1a ) and the glucocorticoid receptor ( GlucoR ) as indicators of stress in the Colombian native fish red‐bellied pacu ( Piaractus brachypomus ) under anaesthesia with menthol and eugenol.…”